NEET-PG 2018 - Dermatology PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following are risk factors for cutaneous lymphoma?

All of the options. ***All of the options*** - **All listed factors**, including age, gender, and a weakened immune system, are recognized risk factors for the development of cutaneous lymphoma. - The risk of cutaneous lymphoma generally **increases with age**, shows a slightly higher incidence in **males**, and is significantly elevated in individuals with **compromised immune systems**. *Age* - While age is a risk factor, it is only one component among several that contribute to the overall risk of developing cutaneous lymphoma. - The incidence of most lymphomas, including cutaneous forms, typically **increases with advancing age**, but other factors also play a critical role. *Gender* - Like age, gender is a recognized risk factor, with a slightly **higher incidence in males** compared to females. - However, gender alone does not fully explain the risk, as environmental and other host-related factors also contribute. *Weakened immune system* - A weakened immune system is a significant risk factor, as it impairs the body's ability to control abnormal cell growth, including cancerous lymphocytes. - However, it is not the sole risk factor; individuals with healthy immune systems can also develop cutaneous lymphoma due to other contributing factors. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Cutis marmorata occurs due to exposure to –

Cold temperature. ***Cold temperature*** - **Cutis marmorata** is a physiological response to **cold temperatures**, characterized by a mottled, reticulated vascular pattern on the skin. - This occurs due to **vasoconstriction** of the small arteries and arterioles, alongside **vasodilation** of the venules, creating the characteristic marbled appearance. *Dust* - Exposure to **dust** typically causes **irritation**, allergic reactions, or respiratory issues, such as **dermatitis**, **contact urticaria**, or **asthma**. - It does not directly lead to the characteristic vascular changes seen in cutis marmorata. *Hot temperature* - **Hot temperatures** generally cause **vasodilation** in the skin to facilitate **heat dissipation**, leading to redness and warmth. - This is the opposite physiological response to cutis marmorata, which involves vasoconstriction. *Humidity* - **Humidity** primarily affects **skin hydration** and the rate of perspiration, potentially exacerbating certain skin conditions like **eczema** or **fungal infections**. - High or low humidity does not directly induce the vascular changes that result in cutis marmorata. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: A child has a rash. His family history is positive for asthma. What could be the most probable diagnosis?

Atopic dermatitis. ***Atopic dermatitis*** - The presence of a rash in a child with a family history of **asthma** strongly suggests atopic dermatitis, as it is part of the **atopic triad** (eczema, asthma, allergic rhinitis). - Atopic dermatitis often presents with **erythematous, pruritic patches** and plaques, commonly affecting flexural areas like the antecubital and popliteal fossae, as well as the face and neck in younger children. *Seborrheic dermatitis* - This condition typically presents with **greasy, yellowish scales** on an erythematous base, often affecting areas rich in sebaceous glands such as the scalp, face (nasolabial folds), and chest. - While it can occur in infants, it does not have the strong association with a family history of asthma seen in atopic dermatitis. *Allergic contact dermatitis* - This rash results from an **exposure to an allergen**, leading to a localized, erythematous, and pruritic eruption, often with vesicles or bullae, at the site of contact. - The history does not provide information about a specific allergen exposure, and while it could produce a similar-looking rash, the family history of asthma points more strongly to atopic diathesis. *Erysipelas* - Erysipelas is a superficial skin infection, usually caused by *Streptococcus pyogenes*, presenting as a **well-demarcated, intensely erythematous, warm, and painful rash** with a raised border. - This is an **acute bacterial infection** and would typically be accompanied by systemic symptoms like fever and chills, which are not mentioned in the child's presentation. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Identify the skin lesion shown in the image.

Becker nevus. ***Becker nevus*** - This image clearly shows a large, **hyperpigmented patch with overlying coarse terminal hairs**, characteristic of a Becker nevus. - Becker nevi typically develop in adolescence and are often found on the shoulder or upper trunk, as seen here. *Hypopigmented macule* - A **hypopigmented macule** would appear as an area of skin with **reduced pigmentation** (lighter than the surrounding skin), which is contrary to the darker lesion shown. - There would also be no indication of **increased hair growth** within a typical hypopigmented macule. *Spitz nevus* - A Spitz nevus is a benign melanocytic nevus often appearing as a **dome-shaped, pink or red papule or nodule**, commonly on the face or limbs. - It does not present as a large, hairy, **hyperpigmented patch** as depicted in the image. *Epidermal nevus* - An epidermal nevus is a **congenital lesion** formed by an overgrowth of epidermal cells, but its appearance is typically a **verrucous (wart-like) plaque** or linearly arranged papules. - While it can be hyperpigmented, it generally **lacks the prominent hypertrichosis** (excessive hair growth) seen in the image. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: A 24-year-old male presents with a lesion at the site shown in the image for 4 years. He says it has increased in thickness over the years. Diagnosis is:

Becker's nevus. ***Becker's nevus*** - This lesion typically presents as a **unilateral, hyperpigmented patch** that often appears during childhood or adolescence, increasing in size and thickness with associated **hypertrichosis** (increased hair growth). The image shows a large, irregularly shaped, hyperpigmented area on the torso of a young male, consistent with this description. - The history of increasing thickness over four years further supports **Becker's nevus**, as it is known to progress in thickness and texture, often becoming more indurated and sometimes verrucous. *Spitz nevus* - Spitz nevus is a benign melanocytic nevus typically presenting as a **pink or red, dome-shaped papule or nodule**, commonly on the face or limbs. - It rapidly grows but does not typically present as a large, hyperpigmented patch with associated hypertrichosis like the lesion shown. *Hyper-melanosis of Ito* - Hypermelanosis of Ito (also known as incontinentia pigmenti achromians) is characterized by **streaky or whorled hypopigmented (lighter) skin lesions**, often present at birth or in early infancy. - The image clearly shows a **hyperpigmented (darker) lesion**, which directly contradicts the characteristic hypopigmentation of hypermelanosis of Ito. *Congenital melanocytic nevus* - Congenital melanocytic nevi are typically present **at birth** or become apparent shortly thereafter. While they can be large and hyperpigmented, they usually do not have the prominent feature of increasing thickness and hypertrichosis developing many years later in adolescence or early adulthood in the same way as Becker's nevus. - The description of a lesion appearing during adolescence and increasing in thickness and hairiness for four years makes Becker's nevus a more specific diagnosis than a general congenital melanocytic nevus. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Which of the following are risk factors for cutaneous lymphoma?

Accepted Answer

All of the options

Answer

Weakened immune system

Answer

Age

Answer

Gender

Question 2

Cutis marmorata occurs due to exposure to –

Accepted Answer

Cold temperature

Answer

Dust

Answer

Hot temperature

Answer

Humidity

Question 3

A child has a rash. His family history is positive for asthma. What could be the most probable diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Atopic dermatitis

Answer

Seborrheic dermatitis

Answer

Allergic contact dermatitis

Answer

Erysipelas

Question 4

Identify the skin lesion shown in the image.

Accepted Answer

Becker nevus

Answer

Hypopigmented macule

Answer

Spitz nevus

Answer

Epidermal nevus

Question 5

A 24-year-old male presents with a lesion at the site shown in the image for 4 years. He says it has increased in thickness over the years. Diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

Becker's nevus

Answer

Spitz nevus

Answer

Hyper-melanosis of Ito

Answer

Congenital melanocytic nevus

Question 6

Which nerve is thickened in this patient of Hansen disease?

Accepted Answer

Greater auricular

Answer

Transverse cervical nerve

Answer

Greater occipital nerve

Answer

Lesser occipital nerve

Question 7

Which of the following layers is absent in psoriasis?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 8

Best drug for the condition shown below is: (NEET Jan 2018)

Accepted Answer

Doxycycline

Answer

Ivermectin

Answer

Sulphonamides

Answer

Penicillin

NEET-PG 2018 — Dermatology