UPSC-CMS 2014 — Pathology
3 Previous Year Questions with Answers & Explanations
Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
Which one of the following is not an epithelial tumour of the ovary?
In which of the following is the term low and high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia used?
UPSC-CMS 2014 - Pathology UPSC-CMS Practice Questions and MCQs
Question 1: Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
- A. Krukenberg tumour ……… Peritoneal seeding involving ovaries
- B. Virchow’s node ……… Palpable node in left supraclavicular space
- C. Blumer’s shelf ……… Secondary deposits in pelvic cul-de-sac
- D. Sister Joseph’s nodule ……… Solitary secondary deposit in the liver (Correct Answer)
Explanation: ***Sister Joseph's nodule ……… Solitary secondary deposit in the liver*** - **Sister Joseph's nodule** is a **periumbilical metastatic nodule**, not a solitary secondary deposit in the liver. - It signifies metastases, often from gastrointestinal or pelvic malignancies, via the **lymphatic system** to the umbilicus [1]. *Krukenberg tumour ……… Peritoneal seeding involving ovaries* - **Krukenberg tumors** are characteristic **metastases to the ovary**, typically originating from gastrointestinal carcinomas (e.g., stomach, colon) through **peritoneal dissemination** [1]. - They often present as **bilateral, solid ovarian masses**, characterized histologically by **signet-ring cells**. *Virchow's node ……… Palpable node in left supraclavicular space* - **Virchow's node** refers to a palpable, **enlarged lymph node in the left supraclavicular fossa**, which is a classic sign of metastatic cancer, especially from the **stomach or pancreas** [1]. - This node receives lymphatic drainage from the abdominal cavity through the **thoracic duct** [1]. *Blumer's shelf ……… Secondary deposits in pelvic cul-de-sac* - **Blumer's shelf** is a palpable **rectal shelf** caused by metastatic spread from an abdominal or pelvic malignancy to the **rectovesical or rectouterine pouch** (cul-de-sac) [1]. - These deposits settle in this lowest part of the peritoneal cavity due to **gravity**, forming a hard, nodular mass felt on digital rectal examination [1]. **References:** [1] Cross SS. Underwood's Pathology: A Clinical Approach. 6th ed. (Basic Pathology) introduces the student to key general principles of pathology, both as a medical science and as a clinical activity with a vital role in patient care. Part 2 (Disease Mechanisms) provides fundamental knowledge about the cellular and molecular processes involved in diseases, providing the rationale for their treatment. Part 3 (Systematic Pathology) deals in detail with specific diseases, with emphasis on the clinically important aspects., pp. 233-235.
Question 2: Which one of the following is not an epithelial tumour of the ovary?
- A. Clear cell tumour
- B. Endodermal sinus tumour (Correct Answer)
- C. Serous cystadenoma
- D. Brenner’s tumour
Explanation: ***Endodermal sinus tumour*** - This is a type of **germ cell tumor** of the ovary, not an epithelial tumor. - It is characterized by the presence of **Schiller-Duval bodies** and elevated **alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)** levels. *Clear cell tumour* - This is a well-recognized sub-type of **epithelial ovarian cancer**, often associated with **endometriosis** [1]. - The histology typically shows cells with clear cytoplasm, sometimes arranged in glandular or tubulocystic patterns [1]. *Serous cystadenoma* - This is a common **benign epithelial tumor** of the ovary, characterized by cysts lined by serous epithelium [2]. - It arises from the **surface epithelium** of the ovary. *Brenner's tumour* - This is a less common but distinct type of **epithelial ovarian tumor**, characterized by nests of **transitional epithelial cells** resembling bladder urothelium [3]. - It is usually **benign** and often discovered incidentally [3]. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. The Female Genital Tract, p. 1032. [2] Cross SS. Underwood's Pathology: A Clinical Approach. 6th ed. Common Clinical Problems From Female Genital Tract Disease, pp. 478-480. [3] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. The Female Genital Tract, pp. 1032-1033.
Question 3: In which of the following is the term low and high grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia used?
- A. Shaw's classification
- B. FIGO staging
- C. Bethesda classification (Correct Answer)
- D. Papanicolaou method
Explanation: ***Bethesda classification*** - The Bethesda classification system is used for reporting **cervical cytology** results (Pap test) [1]. - It categorizes squamous cell abnormalities into **low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)** and **high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)** [1]. *Shaw's classification* - **Shaw's classification** is not a recognized system for reporting cervical cytopathology. - This term does not apply to the categorization of squamous intraepithelial neoplasia. *FIGO staging* - **FIGO (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics) staging** is used for the clinical staging of **gynecologic cancers**, not for initial cytological screening results [1]. - It describes the extent of cancer progression, not intraepithelial lesions. *Papanicolaou method* - The **Papanicolaou (Pap) method** refers to the staining technique and the general cytological test for cervical cancer screening [1]. - While it's the test itself, the **interpretation and reporting** of results, including terms like LSIL and HSIL, fall under the Bethesda classification system [1]. **References:** [1] Kumar V, Abbas AK, et al.. Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease. 9th ed. The Female Genital Tract, pp. 1006-1010.