INI-CET 2021 - Forensic Medicine PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Match the following weapons with their corresponding injury types: Weapons: A. Axe B. RTA (Road Traffic Accident) C. Blade D. Lathi Injury Types: 5. Incised wound 6. Tram track bruise 7. Grazed abrasion 8. Chop wound

A-8, B-7, C-5, D-6. ***A-8 (Axe - Chop wound), B-7 (RTA - Grazed abrasion), C-5 (Blade - Incised wound), D-6 (Lathi - Tram track bruise)*** - An **axe** is a heavy cutting tool that typically causes a **chop wound**, characterized by a combination of cutting and crushing. - A **Road Traffic Accident (RTA)** frequently results in **grazed abrasions** due to friction and shearing forces as the body slides against rough surfaces. - A **blade** (like a knife or razor) is designed to cut, producing an **incised wound** with clean, sharp edges. - A **lathi** (a heavy stick or baton) delivers blunt force trauma, often causing a **tram track bruise** due to the skin being crushed between the impactor and underlying bone, leading to parallel lines of bruising. *A-5, B-6, C-8, D-7* - This option incorrectly associates an **axe** with an **incised wound** (which is caused by a blade) and a **blade** with a **chop wound** (caused by an axe). - It also misattributes **RTA** to a **tram track bruise** and a **lathi** to a **grazed abrasion**, which are not the most typical injury patterns for these respective weapons/mechanisms. *A-6, B-8, C-7, D-5* - This pairing mistakenly links an **axe** with a **tram track bruise** and a **blade** with a **grazed abrasion**. - It also incorrectly associates an **RTA** with a **chop wound** and a **lathi** with an **incised wound**. *A-7, B-5, C-6, D-8* - This option incorrectly matches an **axe** with a **grazed abrasion** and a **lathi** with a **chop wound**. - It also inaccurately connects an **RTA** with an **incised wound** and a **blade** with a **tram track bruise**. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: An 18 year old female was sexually assaulted by a 20 year old male. There was presence of stains on the clothes of the victim. Barberio's test was performed on the stains. Which of the following is detected by this test?

Spermine. ***Spermine*** - The **Barberio's test** is a specific forensic test used to detect the presence of **spermine picrate crystals** when mixed with a picric acid solution. - The formation of yellow, needle-like crystals confirms the presence of **spermine**, a polyamine found in high concentrations in seminal fluid. *Choline* - While choline is present in semen, it is detected by the **Florence test**, which forms dark brown crystals. - The Barberio's test is not designed to detect choline. *Acid phosphatase* - **Acid phosphatase** is an enzyme found in high concentrations in seminal fluid and is detected by a different test, typically the **spot test with sodium alpha-naphthyl phosphate** and fast blue B dye. - This test is a presumptive test for semen but does not detect spermine. *Fructose* - **Fructose** is a sugar present in seminal fluid, providing energy for sperm. - Its detection involves specific biochemical tests, not the Barberio's test, which targets spermine. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: A skull was recovered from a forest. According to inquest papers, a girl had gone missing 15 days back. The skull was sent to the forensic research lab. Which of the following would identify it as a female skull? 1. Large frontal and parietal eminence 2. Heavy cheek bones 3. Smooth glabella 4. Square orbits 5. Narrow mastoid

1,3 and 5. ***1,3 and 5*** - **Large frontal and parietal eminences** are characteristic features of a **female skull**, indicating a more rounded appearance. - A **smooth glabella** (the area between the eyebrows) is typical for females, as males tend to have a more prominent brow ridge. A **narrow mastoid** process is also characteristic in females. *2,3 and 4* - **Heavy cheekbones** and **square orbits** are features more commonly associated with a **male skull**. - While a **smooth glabella** is a female characteristic, its combination with male features makes this option incorrect. *1 and 4 only* - **Large frontal eminences** are indicative of a female skull, but **square orbits** are a feature of a **male skull**. - This combination presents conflicting information regarding gender identification. *3,4 and 5* - A **smooth glabella** and **narrow mastoid** are features of a **female skull**. - However, **square orbits** are typically found in **male skulls**, rendering this option incorrect. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: The dead body of a 20 year old man found in the sea was brought in for postmortem examination. Which of the following findings would you see in seawater drowning? 1. Hemoconcentration 2. Pulmonary edema 3. Hyponatremia 4. Hypernatremia 5. Hemolysis

1 and 4. ***1 and 4*** - In **seawater drowning**, the hypertonic seawater (3-4% salt) creates an osmotic gradient that pulls plasma fluid from the blood into the alveoli, leading to **hemoconcentration**. - The absorption of hypertonic seawater into the bloodstream results in **hypernatremia** and hyperchloremia. - These are the characteristic electrolyte and hematologic findings specific to seawater drowning. *2, 4 and 5* - While **hypernatremia** is correct, this option incorrectly includes **pulmonary edema** (which is non-specific to drowning type) and **hemolysis** (which is characteristic of freshwater drowning, not seawater). - **Hemolysis** occurs in freshwater drowning when hypotonic water enters the bloodstream, causing red blood cells to swell and lyse. *2, 3 and 5* - This option is incorrect as it includes findings characteristic of **freshwater drowning**: **hyponatremia** and **hemolysis**. - In freshwater drowning, hypotonic water absorption causes hemodilution (not hemoconcentration), leading to hyponatremia and hemolysis. - **Pulmonary edema** is present in both types but does not differentiate between them. *1 and 3* - While **hemoconcentration** is correct for seawater drowning, **hyponatremia** is incorrect. - Hyponatremia is a feature of freshwater drowning due to dilution of serum sodium by absorbed hypotonic water. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: The friend and victim had alcohol and got into an argument over a common girlfriend, following which the friend kills the victim by sitting on his chest and covering his nose and mouth. This is an example of?

Smothering. ***Smothering*** - This scenario describes **manual obstruction** of the mouth and nose, preventing air entry without external neck compression. - The act of sitting on the chest further restricts respiratory movements, contributing to **asphyxia**. *Gagging* - Gagging refers to the obstruction of the **oral cavity** due to material placed inside the mouth, typically to prevent speaking or crying out. - While it can contribute to asphyxia, the primary mechanism described here involves external covering of both nose and mouth. *Choking* - Choking involves the **internal obstruction** of the airway, usually by a foreign body lodged in the pharynx or larynx. - This scenario explicitly details external occlusion of the respiratory orifices, not internal blockage. *Throttling* - Throttling is a form of **manual strangulation** that involves direct compression of the neck by hands or forearm. - The description of covering the nose and mouth rather than compressing the neck rules out throttling. [Practice more Forensic Medicine PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Match the following weapons with their corresponding injury types:

Weapons:
A. Axe
B. RTA (Road Traffic Accident)
C. Blade
D. Lathi

Injury Types:
5. Incised wound
6. Tram track bruise
7. Grazed abrasion
8. Chop wound

Accepted Answer

A-8, B-7, C-5, D-6

Answer

A-5, B-6, C-8, D-7

Answer

A-6, B-8, C-7, D-5

Answer

A-7, B-5, C-6, D-8

Question 2

An 18 year old female was sexually assaulted by a 20 year old male. There was presence of stains on the clothes of the victim. Barberio's test was performed on the stains. Which of the following is detected by this test?

Accepted Answer

Spermine

Answer

Choline

Answer

Acid phosphatase

Answer

Fructose

Question 3

A skull was recovered from a forest. According to inquest papers, a girl had gone missing 15 days back. The skull was sent to the forensic research lab. Which of the following would identify it as a female skull?

1. Large frontal and parietal eminence
2. Heavy cheek bones
3. Smooth glabella
4. Square orbits
5. Narrow mastoid

Accepted Answer

1,3 and 5

Answer

2,3 and 4

Answer

1 and 4 only

Answer

3,4 and 5

Question 4

The dead body of a 20 year old man found in the sea was brought in for postmortem examination. Which of the following findings would you see in seawater drowning?

1. Hemoconcentration
2. Pulmonary edema
3. Hyponatremia
4. Hypernatremia
5. Hemolysis

Accepted Answer

1 and 4

Answer

2,4 and 5

Answer

2,3 and 5

Answer

1 and 3

Question 5

The friend and victim had alcohol and got into an argument over a common girlfriend, following which the friend kills the victim by sitting on his chest and covering his nose and mouth. This is an example of?

Accepted Answer

Smothering

Answer

Gagging

Answer

Choking

Answer

Throttling

Question 6

A person working in a dye factory presented with nausea, vomiting, dark bloody stools, conjunctivitis, and a burning sensation in the throat and stomach. Which poisoning do you suspect in this case?

Accepted Answer

Potassium permanganate

Answer

Lead

Answer

Arsenic

Answer

Thallium

Question 7

On conducting the autopsy on a victim of hanging, the ligature mark is seen at the lower 1/3rd of the neck. The victim is seen to have a protruded tongue. He was found with his head hanging to his left side with saliva dribbling from the left angle of his mouth. The right pupil appears constricted and there is ptosis (drooping) of the right eyelid. Compression of which of the following structures is the most probable reason for the unilateral ptosis in this case?

Accepted Answer

Cervical sympathetic chain

Answer

Left vagus nerve

Answer

Right internal jugular vein

Answer

Right internal carotid artery

INI-CET 2021 — Forensic Medicine