Antibiotics — Flashcards

Flashcard 801: Rifampin _____ cytochrome p450 (induces or inhibits)

Answer: induces

Flashcard 802: Sulfa drugs can cause a drug-induced _____

Answer: lupus

Flashcard 803: Which group of modified penicillins is associated with a maculopapular rash when administered to a patient with infectious mononucleosis (EBV)?

Answer: Aminopenicillins (e.g., Amoxicillin, Ampicillin)

Flashcard 804: Tetracyclines are generally contraindicated in patients with _____ failure

Answer: renal

Flashcard 805: What drugs have the suffix -oxacin?_____

Answer: Fluoroquinolones

Flashcard 806: Which bacteria are susceptible to tetracyclines?

Answer: Broad spectrum (Gram-positives, Gram-negatives, and atypicals like Chlamydia and Rickettsia)

Flashcard 807: Allopurinol hypersensitivity can result in _____ syndrome, which is characterized by sloughing of the skin

Answer: Stevens-Johnson

Flashcard 808: What is the mechanism of action of **Fluoroquinolones**?

Answer: Inhibition of **DNA gyrase** (topoisomerase II) and **topoisomerase IV**

Extra: Fluoroquinolones are bactericidal and disrupt DNA replication by preventing the relaxation of supercoiled DNA and the separation of concatenated daughter chromosomes.

Flashcard 809: Treatment for Legionella pneumophila infection includes _____ or levofloxacin/moxifloxacin (fluoroquinolones)

Answer: azithromycin (macrolides)

Flashcard 810: _____, amoxicillin and a proton pump inhibitor are used in Helicobacter pylori infection (triple therapy)

Answer: Clarithromycin