Congenital defects — Flashcards

Flashcard 511: Pyloric stenosis may present with visible _____

Answer: peristalsis

Flashcard 512: The most common cause of **epilepsy** in children is typically _____

Answer: Genetic (formerly idiopathic)

Extra: While **febrile seizures** are the most common cause of *seizures* in children overall, **genetic** (idiopathic) factors are the most common cause of *epilepsy* (recurrent unprovoked seizures).

Flashcard 513: A continuous, machine-like murmur heard best at the left infraclavicular area is characteristic of:

Answer: Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)

Flashcard 514: What is the most common cause of viral-associated mental retardation (in the US)?_____

Answer: CMV

Flashcard 515: What is the most common orthopedic disorder of the hip in newborns?

Answer: Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip

Flashcard 516: _____ is a congenital malformation characterized by extrusion of abdominal contents through the anterior abdominal wall

Answer: Gastroschisis

Flashcard 517: Which congenital RNA viral infection can present with blueberry muffin rash?_____

Answer: Congenital Rubella

Flashcard 518: Which ventral wall defect is associated with cardiac, GU, neural tube based structural abnormalities?_____

Answer: Omphalocele

Flashcard 519: What effect does atrial septal defect (ASD) have on S2 splitting? _____

Answer: Causes a wide, fixed split

Flashcard 520: Congenital toxoplasmosis presents as chorioretinitis, _____, and intracranial calcifications

Answer: hydrocephalus