Clinical Reasoning — Flashcards

Flashcard 41: Does benign prostatic hyperplasia increase risk of cancer? _____

Answer: No

Flashcard 42: Diagnosis of tapeworms occurs with identification of _____ and eggs in stool

Answer: proglottids

Flashcard 43: What is the diagnostic cutoff for fasting plasma glucose for a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus? _____

Answer: ≥126 mg/dL

Flashcard 44: Individuals with H. pylori who are taking _____ may have a false-negative urease test

Answer: proton-pump inhibitors (PPI)

Flashcard 45: Hemothorax and chylothorax present with _____ to percussion on the affected side

Answer: dullness

Flashcard 46: Epiglottitis with a '_____' sign on imaging is classic for Haemophilus influenzae infection

Answer: thumb-print

Extra: Epiglottitis is a medical emergency characterized by the '3 Ds': Drooling, Dysphagia, and Distress (stridor). While H. influenzae type b (Hib) was the most common cause, incidence has decreased due to immunization.

Flashcard 47: Is pancreatic insufficiency associated with normal or decreased urinary excretion of D-xylose (D-xylose test)? _____

Answer: Normal

Flashcard 48: What arrhythmia is characterized by an ECG showing disorganized, erratic electrical activity with no identifiable P waves, QRS complexes, or T waves? _____

Answer: Ventricular fibrillation

Flashcard 49: Pneumothorax presents with _____ breath sounds on the affected side

Answer: diminished

Extra: Same for emphysema air is present outside the lung in the thoracic cavity, which insulates breath sounds and vibration (fremitus) originating within the lung

Flashcard 50: Ischemic strokes may be visualized on _____ after 6 - 24 hours

Answer: CT

Extra: whereas MRI may be visulized as early as 30 minutes Atlas: