Clinical Reasoning — Flashcards

Flashcard 361: What is the first line imaging for pheochromocytoma? _____

Answer: Contrast CT or MRI

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrinology/adrenals/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 362: Fasting Glucose: Normal: _____ Impaired fasting glucose (pre-diabetes): _____ Diabetes: _____

Answer: < 100 mg/dL

Extra: Diagnosis of diabetes typically requires two abnormal test results (unless symptoms of hyperglycemia are present).

Flashcard 363: Thinning the hair as the hair follicles exit growth phase too early: _____

Answer: Telogen-effluvium

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/alopecia/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 364: Esophageal dilation with bird's beak appearance is seen in _____

Answer: achalasia

Extra: The 'bird's beak' appearance on barium swallow represents the persistent contraction of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) with proximal esophageal dilation.

Flashcard 365: _____ with small intestine mucosal biopsy should be performed if tropical sprue is suspected

Answer: Enteroscopy

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/malabsorption/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 366: Primary amenorrhea, cubitus valgus and short height is suggestive of _____

Answer: Turner syndrome

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology/primary-amenorrhea/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 367: Chronic pain on the sole of the foot that is worse with weight bearing (e.g. first thing in the morning) and dorsiflexion is suggestive of _____

Answer: plantar fasciitis

Extra: Plantar fasciitis is a clinical diagnosis. The most common cause is repetitive microtrauma. Imaging (e.g., X-ray showing calcaneal spurs) is often non-specific as spurs can be present in asymptomatic individuals.

Flashcard 368: What is the test of choice to evaluate dysphagia? _____

Answer: Upper endoscopy

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/esophagus/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 369: What is the first step in the diagnostic evaluation of an individual with any urinary complaint? _____

Answer: Urinalysis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 370: The presence of _____ on CT establishes the diagnosis of perforated viscus.

Answer: intraperitoneal free air