Clinical Reasoning — Flashcards

Flashcard 311: What is the diagnostic imaging of choice for pyloric stenosis? _____

Answer: Ultrasound (showing "donut sign" or > 3mm muscle thickness)

Extra: Ultrasound criteria for pyloric stenosis include pyloric muscle thickness > 3 mm and pyloric channel length > 14 mm. On transverse view, this appears as a "donut" or "target" sign. Clinical diagnosis may be made by palpating an "olive-shaped" mass.

Flashcard 312: Endoscopy shows multiple, refractory duodenal ulcers and thick gastric folds. What is the next lab test? _____

Answer: Fasting serum gastrin levels (> 1000)

Flashcard 313: _____ is a biliary cancer with obstructive jaundice and anemia/UGI bleed

Answer: Ampullary (of Vater) cancer

Flashcard 314: Fever and cough = _____ and SpO2

Answer: CXR

Flashcard 315: Diagnosis of knee issues (meniscus, ACL/PCL)? _____

Answer: MRI

Flashcard 316: The Ottawa Ankle Rules is a clinical decision model used to determine whether or not an ankle injury needs a(n) _____

Answer: x-ray

Flashcard 317: "Periarticular osteopenia" on X-ray is suggestive of _____

Answer: rheumatoid arthritis

Extra: - "pee" in the "room" and it will "erode" - ddx. with osteoarthritis: narrowing, osteophyte, sclerosis, cyst.

Flashcard 318: A 25-year-old man presents with an inversion injury of his right ankle that occurred during a basketball game. His ankle is swollen, but he is able to bear weight, and has no focal tenderness and no ligament laxity. _____

Answer: Ankle sprain

Flashcard 319: Epigastric pain associated with H. Pylori, NSAIDs, and glucocorticoids → _____

Answer: peptic ulcer disease

Flashcard 320: (-) _____ = rules OUT lupus

Answer: ANA (sensitive)