Clinical Reasoning — Flashcards

Flashcard 191: Characterized by the "itch that rashes," this condition typically presents with erythematous, pruritic plaques on the **flexural surfaces**: _____

Answer: Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

Extra: Associated with the **atopic triad**: atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/eczematous-rashes/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 192: A subpleural, wedge-shaped opacity on CXR (Hampton hump) is characteristic of _____.

Answer: pulmonary embolism

Flashcard 193: How does alveolar edema appear on CT scan in the setting of a pulmonary contusion? _____

Answer: Ground-glass opacities in the lung adjacent to the affected chest wall

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki 

Flashcard 194: Liver abscesses caused by Entamoeba histolytica appear on ultrasound as _____ lesions

Answer: hypoechoic

Extra: Amoebic liver abscesses (ALA) typically appear as solitary, round or oval, hypoechoic lesions with low-level internal echoes, most commonly in the right lobe of the liver. Unlike hydatid cysts, they do not have a prominent wall or daughter cysts.

Flashcard 195: Pain on palpation of sinuses is suggestive of _____

Answer: sinusitis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 196: What is the likely diagnosis in a patient that develops acute posterior calf pain/swelling while walking? Physical examination shows tenderness/induration at the medial head of the gastrocnemius and a crescent-shaped patch of ecchymosis at the medial malleolus. _____

Answer: Ruptured popliteal cyst

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery?ref=anki 

Flashcard 197: What is the recommended diagnostic test for patients with chest pain that have low-risk for CAD? _____

Answer: No further testing

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/coronary-artery-disease/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 198: What kind of ulcer is associated with hairless legs, scaly skin, and absent pulses located at the tips of the toes? _____

Answer: Arterial insufficiency ulcer

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/leg-ulcers/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 199: Melanoma =_____

Answer: excisional biopsy

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/hyperpigmentation/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 200: Retinal vein occlusion causes a(n) "_____" appearance on funduscopy

Answer: blood and thunder

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-subspecialty/adult-ophtho/acquire?ref=anki