Clinical Reasoning — Flashcards

Flashcard 181: LLQ pain, change in bowel habits and blood in stool is suggestive of _____

Answer: diverticular disease

Extra: Diverticular disease is an umbrella term: - **Diverticulosis**: Presence of diverticula; typically asymptomatic or presents as painless hematochezia. - **Diverticulitis**: Inflammation; presents with LLQ pain, fever, and bowel habit changes (bleeding is rare). Differential diagnosis for these symptoms: Colorectal cancer, Ischemic colitis. https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gastroenterology/diverticula/acquire?ref=anki

Flashcard 182: Unilateral, sudden-onset headaches located peri-orbital is suggestive of _____

Answer: cluster headache

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/neurology/headache/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 183: What are the diagnostic tests for HIV/AIDS? <18 months old → _____ >18 months old → _____

Answer: DNA PCR

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 184: Immunocompromised adult (>60) Prodromal pain Dermatomal vesicular rash Never crosses midline _____

Answer: Herpes zoster (shingles)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/pediatrics/peds-infectious-rashes/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 185: Rash on sun-exposed face and arms with joint pains is suggestive of _____

Answer: lupus

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 186: Constant leaning on elbows → painless swelling is suggestive of _____

Answer: olecranon bursitis

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 187: Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) is diagnosed with _____

Answer: echocardiography

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 188: A subpleural, wedge-shaped opacity on CXR (Hampton hump) is characteristic of _____.

Answer: pulmonary embolism

Flashcard 189: Diagnosis of adrenal tumor is supported by an elevated level of _____

Answer: dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/gynecology?ref=anki 

Flashcard 190: Characterized by the "itch that rashes," this condition typically presents with erythematous, pruritic plaques on the **flexural surfaces**: _____

Answer: Atopic dermatitis (eczema)

Extra: Associated with the **atopic triad**: atopic dermatitis, asthma, and allergic rhinitis. https://onlinemeded.org/spa/dermatology/eczematous-rashes/acquire?ref=anki