Clinical Reasoning US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Clinical Reasoning with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Clinical Reasoning Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 101: Large myocardial infarctions lead to _____ elevations in troponin I and CK-MB
Answer: greater
Extra:
Watch Stable Angina, Vasospastic Angina, & Acute Coronary Syndromes (UA, NSTEMI, STEMI) [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac/videos/medical-pathophysiology-cardiac-ischemic-heart-disease-stable-angina-vasospastic-angina-and-acute-coronary-syndromes-ua-nstemi-stemi?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/myocardial-infarction?index=10]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiac?ref=anki
Flashcard 102: What mnemonic is used to help in the diagnosis of measles (rubeola)?
_____
Answer: 4 C's (cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, koplik spots)
Extra:
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/infectious-disease?ref=anki
Flashcard 103: A collapsed lung may present as a(n) _____ on chest X-ray
Answer: completely opacified hemithorax
Extra: Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/pulmonology/videos/lung-pathology-special-topics?index=10]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 104: Nephritic syndrome is associated with _____ BUN and creatinine
Answer: increased
Extra:
Watch Nephritic Syndrome [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-renal/videos/medical-pathophysiology-renal-glomerulopathy-nephritic-syndrome?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/nephrology/videos/nephrotic-syndromes?index=2]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal/nephritic-syndrome/acquire?ref=anki
Step Up to Medicine:
Flashcard 105: Lab findings in **Parathyroid Disease**:
- Primary Hyperparathyroidism: _____ PTH, _____ Ca, _____ PO4
- Secondary Hyperparathyroidism (CKD): ↑ PTH, ↓ Ca, ↑ PO4
- Hypoparathyroidism: ↓ PTH, ↓ Ca, ↑ PO4
- Pseudohypoparathyroidism: ↑ PTH, ↓ Ca, ↑ PO4
Answer: ↑
Extra: Reference: https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine?ref=anki
Flashcard 106: What is used to diagnose vestibular schwannoma (acoustic neuroma)?
_____
Answer: MRI of the internal auditory canals
Extra:
Watch Neurofibromatosis [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-neuro/videos/medical-pathophysiology-neuro-congenital-and-neurocutaneous-neurofibromatosis?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/adult-primary-brain-tumors?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 107: Patients who have Rhabdomyolysis are diagnosed by observing a(n) creatine kinase level greater than _____ u/L
Answer: 1000
Extra: Rhabdomyolysis involves muscle necrosis and the release of intracellular contents (creatine kinase, myoglobin, potassium, and aldolase) into the circulation. The diagnostic threshold is generally a CK level > 5 times the upper limit of normal (usually > 1,000 U/L).
Flashcard 108: What heart sound is the best indicator of severity in patients with **chronic** MR?
_____
**Bonus**: absence of this can exclude what?
Answer: S3
Extra: The presence of an S3 gallop is a sign of severe mitral regurgitation, indicating a large regurgitant volume and left ventricular volume overload.
Flashcard 109: If a patient's ptosis is due to myasthenia gravis, application of a(n) _____ over the eyelids will result in improvement in ptosis
Answer: ice pack
Extra:
Watch Myasthenia Gravis & Lambert Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-derm/videos/medical-pathophysiology-musculoskeletal-and-derm-muscle-myasthenia-gravis-and-lambert-eaton-myasthenic-syndrome?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/neurology/videos/neuromuscular-junction-nmj?index=6]
https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki
Flashcard 110: What is the diagnosis of a patient with abrupt carotid distension and collapse on physical exam and "pistol-shot" femoral pulses upon auscultation?
_____
Answer: Aortic regurgitation
Extra: These findings are signs of the widened pulse pressure seen in aortic regurgitation:
- **Corrigan pulse**: Abrupt carotid distension and collapse.
- **Traube sign**: "Pistol-shot" sound heard over the femoral arteries.
- **Water-hammer pulse**: Abrupt distension and collapse of peripheral arteries.
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