Metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 711: _____ is combined with oxaloacetate via the enzyme citrate synthase, forming citrate

Answer: Acetyl-CoA

Extra: Other:

Flashcard 712: The _____ family of hormones is derived from a single precursor, pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC)

Answer: ACTH

Flashcard 713: Where in the cell is the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase II enzyme found? _____

Answer: Cytoplasm (pyrimidine synthesis)

Flashcard 714: 11-hydroxylase deficiency leads to a build up of _____

Answer: 11-deoxycorticosterone and 11-deoxycortisol

Flashcard 715: Phosphofructokinase-2 is inhibited by _____

Answer: glucagon

Extra: Glucagon → ↑ cAMP → ↑ PKA → phosphorylation of the PFK-2/FBPase-2 bifunctional enzyme → PFK-2 is **inhibited** (and FBPase-2 is activated). This results in decreased levels of F-2,6-BP and decreased glycolytic flux.

Flashcard 716: Trypsinogen is converted to trypsin via _____, a brush-border enzyme on duodenal and jejunal mucosa

Answer: enteropeptidase (enterokinase)

Flashcard 717: Evolutionarily, hepcidin is upregulated to prevent pathogens from accessing _____

Answer: iron

Extra: ** by degrading ferroportin -> blocks release of iron from enterocytes Other:

Flashcard 718: Where in the cell does nucleotide synthesis (purines, pyrimidines) occur? _____

Answer: Cytoplasm

Flashcard 719: What is the effect of non-classic congenital 21-β-hydroxylase deficiency on K+ levels? _____

Answer: No effect

Flashcard 720: _____ deficiency is a trace mineral deficiency that presents with impaired glucose control in diabetes

Answer: Chromium