Metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 1331: Homocystinuria can be caused by _____ deficiencies.

Answer: vitamin (B6, B9, or B12)

Extra: Classic homocystinuria is most commonly caused by an autosomal recessive deficiency of cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS). However, elevated homocysteine (and subsequent homocystinuria) can also be caused by deficiencies in B6 (pyridoxine), B9 (folate), or B12 (cobalamin).

Flashcard 1332: _____ is a growth factor that is secreted by activated platelets and macrophages

Answer: PDGF

Flashcard 1333: Which cellular organelle is responsible for catabolism of branched-chain fatty acids, amino acids, and ethanol?_____

Answer: Peroxisome

Flashcard 1334: What does the carrier molecule biotin carry in its activated form? _____

Answer: CO2

Flashcard 1335: Which lysosomal storage diseases (2) have an X-linked recessive inheritance? _____

Answer: Fabry disease, Hunter syndrome

Flashcard 1336: Fetal hemoglobin (HbF) has a much _____ binding affinity for O2 than adult hemoglobin (HbA)

Answer: higher

Flashcard 1337: If methylmalonyl-CoA mutase is dysfunctional, _____ accumulates in the blood and urine

Answer: methylmalonic acid

Flashcard 1338: _____ are produced, predominantly by the liver, when growth hormones act on target tissue

Answer: Somatomedins (IGFs)

Flashcard 1339: _____ facilitate dissociation of GDP so that GTP can bind more rapidly, increasing the rate of G protein activation

Answer: Guanine nucleotide releasing factors (GRFs)

Flashcard 1340: Does the Cahill cycle result in regeneration of NAD+? _____

Answer: No