Metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 1141: Non-enzymatic glycosylation of hemoglobin leads to _____

Answer: HbA1c

Flashcard 1142: Which is a better intracellular buffer in physiologic pH range, oxy- or deoxyhemoglobin?_____

Answer: Deoxyhemoglobin

Flashcard 1143: Vitamin _____ is essential for normal differentiation of epithelial cells into specialized tissue (e.g. pancreatic cells, mucus secreting cells)

Answer: A

Flashcard 1144: The acetyl-CoA from acetoacetyl-CoA (ketone body metabolism) is used to generate energy via the _____

Answer: Kreb's cycle

Flashcard 1145: The amino acid _____ is essential for rapidly dividing tumor cells

Answer: asparagine

Flashcard 1146: Which two organs does galactose primarily enter?

Answer: Liver and kidneys

Extra: Galactose metabolism primarily occurs in the liver, with a secondary contribution from the kidneys. Both organs express the GLUT2 transporter, allowing for insulin-independent uptake of galactose. While galactose is used in the brain for the synthesis of galactolipids (like cerebrosides), the bulk of dietary galactose is cleared by the liver and kidneys.

Flashcard 1147: Which form of C3 convertase is produced via the alternative complement pathway? _____

Answer: C3bBb

Flashcard 1148: Collagenase requires _____ as a cofactor

Answer: zinc

Flashcard 1149: One non-volatile acid is _____ acid, which is generated from metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids (protein)

Answer: sulfuric

Flashcard 1150: Which steroid hormone enzyme deficiency (21- or 11-hydroxylase) presents with decreased renin activity?_____

Answer: 11-hydroxylase