Lipid metabolism — Flashcards

Flashcard 31: Where are ketones usually produced?

Answer: liver

Flashcard 32: hyperchylomicronemia (hyperlipidemia type I)

Answer:

Extra: pancreatitis, hepatosplenomegaly, eruptive/pruritic xanthomaselevated chylomicrons, TGs, and cholesterolARlipoprotein lipase

Flashcard 33: CoA

Answer: acyl groups

Flashcard 34: HMG-CoA reductase

Answer: cholesterol synthesis

Extra: insulin, thyroxineglucagon, cholesterol

Flashcard 35: HMG-CoA synthase

Answer: ketogenesis

Extra: 

Flashcard 36: carnitite acyltransferase I

Answer: fatty acid synthesis

Extra: malonyl-CoA

Flashcard 37: What is the effect an increased NADH/NAD+ ratio in the liver?

Answer: inhibit gluconeogenesis, promote fatty acid synthesis leading to hypoglycemia, ketosis, acidosis, and fatty liver changes

Flashcard 38: Give two cell types rich in smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER).

Answer: hepatocytes and steroid-producing cells of adrenal cortex

Flashcard 39: What functions are performed by the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)?

Answer: steroid synthesis, detoxification of drugs and poisons

Flashcard 40: What are five major components of the plasma membrane?

Answer: phospholipid, sphingolipid, glycolipid, protein, cholesterol