Glycolysis — Flashcards

Flashcard 41: The Warburg effect states that cancers produce energy via a high rate of _____ followed by lactic acid fermentation

Answer: glycolysis

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Flashcard 42: 2-phosphoglycerate is converted into _____ via the enzyme enolase

Answer: phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP)

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Flashcard 43: _____ is converted to fructose-2,6-bisphosphate via the enzyme phosphofructokinase-2 (PFK-2)

Answer: Fructose-6-phosphate

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Flashcard 44: Glucocorticoids increase hepatic _____ storage

Answer: glycogen

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Flashcard 45: What is the only metabolic pathway for generating ATP, anaerobically? _____

Answer: Glycolysis

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Flashcard 46: Conversion of glyceraldehyde-3P into 1,3-BPG (glycolysis) produces a molecule of _____

Answer: NADH

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Flashcard 47: Pyruvate kinase is regulated via positive feedback by _____ (glycolysis)

Answer: fructose-1,6-bisphosphate

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Flashcard 48: What is the rate-limiting enzyme of glycolysis? _____

Answer: Phosphofructokinase-1 (PFK-1)

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Flashcard 49: Increased phosphofructokinase-2 _____ glycolysis and _____ gluconeogenesis

Answer: stimulates

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Flashcard 50: A researcher is studying the role of glucose metabolites in normal cellular function. - In the experiment, ATP production is measured. - In these cells, glycolysis of a single glucose molecule always yields pyruvate but sometimes generates no net ATP. - What cell is most likely being studied?

Answer: Erythrocytes (Red Blood Cells) They can produce 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) via the Rapoport-Luebering shunt. This process bypasses the phosphoglycerate kinase step (which normally generates ATP), resulting in a net ATP yield of zero. 2,3-BPG is a key regulator of hemoglobin's oxygen affinity.