Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 451: The closer a destructive axon lesion is to the neuronal _____, the more likely the neuron is to die

Answer: cell body

Flashcard 452: Name the white matter tract located between the apex of the dorsal horn and the surface of the spinal cord that carries primary afferent fibers for pain and temperature.

Answer: Lissauer's tract (posterolateral tract)

Extra: Fibers in Lissauer's tract (primarily A-delta and C fibers) typically ascend or descend one or two spinal segments before synapsing in the substantia gelatinosa (Lamina II) of the dorsal horn.

Flashcard 453: Lesion to which artery affects the nucleus ambiguus? _____

Answer: Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

Flashcard 454: Do dorsal rami of spinal nerves contain sensory or motor neurons? _____

Answer: Both

Flashcard 455: The 3rd-order neuron of the dorsal column-medial lemniscal tract travels to the _____

Answer: primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus)

Flashcard 456: What is the destination of the ventral posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus? _____

Answer: Primary somatosensory cortex

Flashcard 457: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) is secreted by the _____ nuclei of the hypothalamus

Answer: paraventricular

Flashcard 458: Which descending motor tract is responsible for voluntary movement of the limbs and decussates at the medullary pyramids?

Answer: Lateral corticospinal tract

Flashcard 459: Meningiomas most often occur near surfaces of the brain, especially _____ regions

Answer: parasagittal

Flashcard 460: What brainstem tract carries fine touch, vibration, and conscious proprioception from the contralateral gracile and cuneate nuclei to the thalamus?

Answer: Medial lemniscus

Extra: The medial lemniscus is formed by the decussation of internal arcuate fibers (axons of the second-order neurons from the nucleus gracilis and cuneatus) in the medulla. It carries fine touch, vibration, and conscious proprioception to the Ventral Posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus.