Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 441: The closer a destructive axon lesion is to the neuronal _____, the more likely the neuron is to die

Answer: cell body

Flashcard 442: Which brainstem pathway carries conscious proprioception, fine touch, and vibration from the contralateral side of the body to the thalamus?

Answer: Medial lemniscus

Extra: The medial lemniscus is formed by the decussation of second-order neurons (internal arcuate fibers) originating from the nucleus gracilis and nucleus cuneatus in the medulla. It ascends through the brainstem to synapse in the Ventral Posterolateral (VPL) nucleus of the thalamus.

Flashcard 443: Light reflex: Light in either retina sends a signal via CN II to the _____ nuclei

Answer: pretectal

Flashcard 444: _____ aphasia is caused by damage to Broca's area, Wernicke's area, and the arcuate fasciculus

Answer: Global

Flashcard 445: The corticobulbar innervation of cranial nerve lower motoneurons is predominantly _____-lateral

Answer: bi

Flashcard 446: Name the white matter tract located between the apex of the dorsal horn and the surface of the spinal cord that carries primary afferent fibers for pain and temperature.

Answer: Lissauer's tract (posterolateral tract)

Extra: Fibers in Lissauer's tract (primarily A-delta and C fibers) typically ascend or descend one or two spinal segments before synapsing in the substantia gelatinosa (Lamina II) of the dorsal horn.

Flashcard 447: Do dorsal rami of spinal nerves contain sensory or motor neurons? _____

Answer: Both

Flashcard 448: Strokes involving the lenticulostriate artery typically involve the _____ and internal capsule

Answer: striatum

Flashcard 449: Which ascending spinal tract is responsible for the transmission of **pain** and **temperature** sensations?

Answer: Spinothalamic tract

Extra: The spinothalamic tract also carries **crude touch**. Key anatomical features: 1. **First-order neurons:** Cell bodies in dorsal root ganglia. 2. **Decussation:** Occurs in the spinal cord at the level of entry via the **anterior white commissure**. 3. **Termination:** VPL nucleus of the thalamus.

Flashcard 450: The auditory information from the medial geniculate body projects to the _____ of the superior temporal gyrus

Answer: primary auditory cortex