Functional neuroanatomy of hearing and balance — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Which thalamic nucleus receives auditory input from the inferior colliculus and superior olive? _____

Answer: Medial geniculate body (MGB)

Flashcard 2: What is the destination of the medial geniculate body (MGB) of the thalamus? _____

Answer: Primary auditory cortex (temporal lobe)

Flashcard 3: Identify the cortical area located in the **Heschl's gyri** (transverse temporal gyri):

Answer: Primary auditory cortex (Brodmann areas 41 and 42)

Extra: Heschl's gyri (transverse temporal gyri) are located within the superior temporal gyrus.

Flashcard 4: Identify the motor speech area located in the inferior frontal gyrus (Brodmann areas 44 and 45).

Answer: Broca's area

Flashcard 5: At the end of each semicircular canal (ampulla) are _____ cells, which act as receptors

Answer: hair

Flashcard 6: Secondary vestibular fibers, arising from the vestibular nuclei, join the _____ and supply the motor nuclei of CN III, IV, and VI (vestibulo-ocular reflex)

Answer: medial longitudinal fasciculus

Flashcard 7: What is an Argyll-Robertson pupil?

Answer: pupil that is unreactive to light but constricts with accomodation

Flashcard 8: Embryological origin of the neurohypophysis

Answer: Neuroectoderm (Diencephalon)

Extra: The neurohypophysis (posterior pituitary) develops from a downward extension of the neuroectoderm from the floor of the diencephalon (the infundibulum). In contrast, the adenohypophysis (anterior pituitary) develops from Rathke's pouch (oral ectoderm).

Flashcard 9: pineal gland

Answer: neuroectoderm

Flashcard 10: retina

Answer: neuroectoderm