Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 351: The _____ is the caudal end of the spinal cord; ends at L2 vertebra in adults

Answer: conus medullaris

Flashcard 352: Identify the brainstem level characterized by the following features: - Presence of the 4th ventricle - Ventral enlargement (basilar pons) - Presence of CN VI and VII nuclei/fibers

Answer: Caudal pons

Flashcard 353: One component of the blood-brain barrier is _____ between non-fenestrated capillary endothelial cells

Answer: tight junctions

Flashcard 354: Which brainstem tract coordinates conjugate horizontal eye movements by connecting the nuclei of CN III, IV, and VI?

Answer: Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

Extra: The MLF coordinates conjugate horizontal eye movements by connecting the abducens nucleus (CN VI) in the pons to the contralateral oculomotor nucleus (CN III) in the midbrain. A lesion in this tract results in internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), often seen in multiple sclerosis.

Flashcard 355: Alpha-MSH and beta-MSH are produced in the _____ lobe of the pituitary gland, which is rudimentary in adult humans

Answer: intermediate

Flashcard 356: Which ascending spinal tract is responsible for transmitting pain and temperature sensations?

Answer: Spinothalamic tract

Flashcard 357: What cells synthesize the myelin for cranial nerve II?_____

Answer: Oligodendrocytes

Flashcard 358: Which cortical area corresponds to **Brodmann area 17**?

Answer: Primary visual cortex (V1)

Extra: Brodmann area 17 is located in the occipital lobe, specifically in the walls and floor of the calcarine sulcus.

Flashcard 359: What visual deficit results from a lesion of Meyer's loop (e.g. temporal lesion, MCA occlusion)? _____

Answer: Contralateral homonymous superior quadrantanopia ("pie in the sky")

Flashcard 360: What is the target of Purkinje cells (cerebellar cortex)?_____

Answer: Deep cerebellar nuclei