Neuroanatomy — Flashcards

Flashcard 341: Which part of the internal capsule is located at the junction (bend) between the anterior and posterior limbs?

Answer: Genu of the internal capsule

Flashcard 342: Which nucleus mediates pain and temperature sensation from the face?

Answer: Spinal trigeminal nucleus

Flashcard 343: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) typically begins at _____ levels of the spinal cord

Answer: cervical

Flashcard 344: Which dopaminergic pathway connects the arcuate nucleus (hypothalamus) to the pituitary? _____

Answer: Tuberoinfundibular pathway

Flashcard 345: CNS infarcts associated with damage to the vestibular portion of CN VIII is more commonly associated with _____ lesions

Answer: lateral medullary

Flashcard 346: In cases of severe neuronal damage (ex. herniation / diffuse axonal injury) below the red nucleus, patients can present with _____ motor posturing

Answer: decerebrate

Flashcard 347: What structure in the medulla separates CN IX and X from CN XII? _____

Answer: Olive

Flashcard 348: Any unilateral lesion of the spinothalamic tract in the spinal cord or brain stem will present on the _____-lateral side 1-2 segments below the lesion

Answer: contra

Flashcard 349: Where are the central chemoreceptors located?_____

Answer: Medulla

Flashcard 350: Which brainstem tract coordinates conjugate horizontal eye movements by connecting the nuclei of CN III, IV, and VI?

Answer: Medial longitudinal fasciculus (MLF)

Extra: The MLF coordinates conjugate horizontal eye movements by connecting the abducens nucleus (CN VI) in the pons to the contralateral oculomotor nucleus (CN III) in the midbrain. A lesion in this tract results in internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO), often seen in multiple sclerosis.