Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 631: _____ are seen in ulcerative colitis as a result of mucosal erosion

Answer: Inflammatory pseudopolyps

Flashcard 632: _____ is characterised by full-thickness/transmural inflammation

Answer: Crohn's disease

Flashcard 633: _____ is a collection of pus that forms in the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the anal sphincter due to an infection

Answer: Perianal abscess

Flashcard 634: What investigation can help differentiate between inflammatory bowel disease & irritable bowel syndrome? _____

Answer: Faecal calprotectin

Flashcard 635: Acutely thrombosed external haemorrhoids should be managed with _____ if presented in > 3-4 days

Answer: Analgesia, warm sitz baths, ice packs, & stool softeners

Flashcard 636: What is the most common cause of small bowel obstruction in children? _____

Answer: Intussusception

Extra: Intussusception is the most common cause of bowel obstruction in infants (6 months to 3 years). In adults, the most common cause is post-surgical adhesions.

Flashcard 637: Crohn's disease typically presents in _____

Answer: young adulthood

Extra: Crohn's disease has a bimodal age distribution. The first and largest peak occurs between ages 15 and 35 (adolescence/young adulthood). It does not typically present in childhood (pediatrics), although it can occur there.

Flashcard 638: Perianal abscesses are generally colonised by gut flora (_____)

Answer: E coli

Flashcard 639: The cause of ulcerative colitis is unknown, but there is a strong _____

Answer: genetic susceptibility

Flashcard 640: Acutely thrombosed external haemorrhoids should be managed with _____ if presented within 72 hours of symptom onset.

Answer: excision

Extra: Management of Thrombosed External Hemorrhoids: - < 72 hours: Surgical excision/evacuation. - > 72 hours: Conservative management. Note: Internal hemorrhoids are generally not excised acutely in the same manner unless strangulated.