Upper GI bleeding — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Hirschsprung Disease can present with _____ vomiting

Answer: bilious

Flashcard 2: Gold standard investigation for Hirschprung's disease is _____

Answer: Rectal suction biopsy

Flashcard 3: A plain abdominal X ray for Hirschsprungs Disease will demonstrate _____

Answer: dilated loops of bowel with fluid levels

Flashcard 4: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia presents with _____, due to herniation of the abdominal contents into the cleft

Answer: scaphoid abdomen

Flashcard 5: Terminal Ileitis (Crohn's) is associated with _____

Answer: gallstones

Flashcard 6: What type of laxative is Movicol Paediatric Plain?\n_____

Answer: Osmotic Laxative

Flashcard 7: Metoclopramide should not be used for more than _____ due to risk of extrapyradimal effects

Answer: 5 days

Extra: Metoclopramide is a D2 receptor antagonist. Extrapyramidal side effects (EPS) are common in young adults and children. Persistent use (>3 months) can lead to irreversible tardive dyskinesia. Contraindicated in pheochromocytoma and gastrointestinal hemorrhage/obstruction.

Flashcard 8: Prognostic factors for Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia (CDH) include: _____

Answer: Liver position and lung-to-head ratio (LHR)

Extra: Prenatal prognostic factors: 1. **Liver position:** Intrathoracic liver (liver-up) signifies a poorer prognosis. 2. **Lung-to-head ratio (LHR):** Lower values indicate higher risk of pulmonary hypoplasia and mortality.

Flashcard 9: _____ is an adverse effect of radiotherapy

Answer: Proctitis

Flashcard 10: Hirschsprung's disease is an important differential diagnosis in _____

Answer: childhood constipation