Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 641: _____ always causes bloody diarrhoea

Answer: Ulcerative colitis

Flashcard 642: Acutely thrombosed external haemorrhoids typically present with _____ and appear purplish & oedematous

Answer: significant pain

Flashcard 643: What is the **1st-line** medical management for **inducing remission** in Crohn's disease?\n_____

Answer: Glucocorticoids (e.g., Prednisolone or Budesonide)

Extra: 5-ASA drugs (e.g., Mesalamine) have limited efficacy in Crohn's disease and are generally not recommended for induction, unlike in Ulcerative Colitis where they are 1st-line. Glucocorticoids (Prednisolone or Budesonide) are the standard first-line choice for inducing remission in Crohn's.

Flashcard 644: What is the management for inducing remission in severe ulcerative colitis? _____! 1st-line: IV steroids 72 hours no improvement → Infliximab or Ciclosporin (rescue therapy)

Answer: Admit to hospital

Flashcard 645: ~_____% of patients with Crohn's will eventually have surgery

Answer: 70

Flashcard 646: What is the investigation of choice for ulcerative colitis? _____

Answer: Colonoscopy + biopsy

Flashcard 647: What ophthalmological pathologies are associated with IBD? _____ (related to disease activity) Uveitis (unrelated to disease activity)

Answer: Episcleritis

Flashcard 648: _____ is a collection of pus that forms in the subcutaneous tissue surrounding the anal sphincter due to an infection

Answer: Perianal abscess

Flashcard 649: _____ is more common in Ulcerative Colitis

Answer: Episcleritis

Flashcard 650: What drug is used for refractory or fistulating Crohn's disease? _____

Answer: Infliximab