Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 491: Hepatitis A prognosis = _____

Answer: Typically self-limiting & does not cause long-term liver damage

Flashcard 492: What initial investigations should be done for hepatitis B? _____

Answer: Hepatitis B serology, LFTs, & ultrasound

Flashcard 493: Hepatitis A icteric phase lasts _____ & presents with jaundice, cholestasis & ± pruritus

Answer: 2 weeks

Flashcard 494: What is the mainstay management of _____ Hepatitis B? Answer: Symptomatic/Supportive treatment

Answer: Acute

Extra: Management of Hepatitis B: 1. **Acute Hep B:** Supportive care (mainstay). Recovery occurs in >95% of immunocompetent adults. Antivirals are rarely indicated unless the case is fulminant. 2. **Chronic Hep B:** Antiviral therapy (e.g., Tenofovir, Entecavir) if criteria (ALT levels, DNA load) are met. 3. **Hospitalization:** Indicated if there is evidence of liver failure (raised INR, encephalopathy) or severe dehydration.

Flashcard 495: Hepatitis B serology: HbsAg _____ Anti-HBs -ve Anti-HBc -ve = susceptible

Answer: -ve

Flashcard 496: Most patients with chronic hepatitis B present _____; but can present with symptoms of chronic liver disease as well as a PMH of acute hepatitis B

Answer: asymptomatically

Flashcard 497: If an outbreak of hepatitis A is suspected or the patient is a food handler, then _____

Answer: notify the local Health Protection Unit promptly

Flashcard 498: _____ hepatitis is rare (~0.5%) and causes jaundice, AMS, asterixis, cerebral oedema...

Answer: Fulminant

Flashcard 499: _____ is inflammation of the liver caused by infection with the hepatitis B virus; it is the most prevalent hepatitis viral infection

Answer: Hepatitis B

Flashcard 500: Hepatitis A clinical features can be split up into phases: _____ Icteric (2 weeks): Jaundice (80%), cholestasis (dark urine & pale stools), pruritus Resolution: Period of recovery up to 6 months

Answer: Prodromal (3-10 days): RUQ pain, flu-like symptoms, nausea & vomiting