Gastroenterology & Hepatology UK Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Gastroenterology & Hepatology with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Gastroenterology & Hepatology Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 491: What investigatory result helps distinguish between alcoholic hepatitis and viral hepatitis?
Answer: AST:ALT ratio.
- **Alcoholic hepatitis**: Ratio > 2:1 (AST is usually <300-500 IU/L).
- **Viral hepatitis**: Ratio ~ 1:1 (Both AST and ALT are markedly elevated, often >1000 IU/L, with ALT > AST).
Flashcard 492: Hepatitis A serology with +ve HAV-IgM & +ve HAV-IgG indicates _____
Answer: acute hepatitis A infection
Flashcard 493: What are the primary serologic tests for Hepatitis A diagnosis?
Acute infection = _____
Past infection/Immunity = Anti-HAV IgG
Answer: Anti-HAV IgM
Extra: Hepatitis A is a self-limiting viral infection transmitted via the fecal-oral route. Serology is the primary method of diagnosis:
- **Anti-HAV IgM**: Detectable at the onset of symptoms, peaks early, and disappears within 3-6 months. Indicates **acute infection**.
- **Anti-HAV IgG**: Appears shortly after IgM and persists for life, providing immunity. Indicates **past infection or vaccination**.
- **HAV RNA (PCR)**: Can detect the virus in blood/stool before IgM appears, but is not standard clinical practice.
Flashcard 494: LFTs for hepatitis B will show:
_____ ALT & AST
Normal or ↑ bilirubin
↑ PT
Answer: Significantly ↑
Flashcard 495: What initial investigations should be done for hepatitis A?
_____
Answer: Hepatitis A serology (IgM anti-HAV) & LFTs
Extra: Hepatitis A is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. Diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of IgM anti-HAV. IgG anti-HAV indicates immunity (past infection or vaccination).
Flashcard 496:
Hepatitis A prognosis = _____
Answer: Typically self-limiting & does not cause long-term liver damage
Flashcard 497:
Hepatitis A clinical features can be split up into phases:
_____
Icteric (2 weeks):
Jaundice (80%), cholestasis (dark urine & pale stools), pruritus
Resolution:
Period of recovery up to 6 months
Answer: Prodromal (3-10 days):
RUQ pain, flu-like symptoms, nausea & vomiting
Flashcard 498: Hepatitis A symptoms often improve once _____ occurs
Answer: jaundice
Flashcard 499: Hepatitis B serology:
HbsAg _____
Anti-HBs +ve
Anti-HBc -ve
= previous vaccination
Answer: -ve
Flashcard 500: Hepatitis B serology:
HbsAg _____
Anti-HBs -ve
Anti-HBc IgM +ve
= Acute Hepatitis B
Answer: +ve
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