Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 481: What is the definitive management of autoimmune hepatitis for patients with decompensated cirrhosis or acute liver failure?

Answer: Liver transplantation is indicated for decompensated cirrhosis or fulminant hepatic failure. First-line medical therapy remains corticosteroids and/or azathioprine.

Extra: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) usually responds well to steroids (Prednisolone) and Azathioprine. However, for those who progress to end-stage liver disease or present with acute liver failure, liver transplantation is the definitive treatment. Approximately 10-20% of AIH patients will eventually require a transplant.

Flashcard 482: Most patients with acute hepatitis B present _____; but can present with jaundice, RUQ pain, & nausea + vomiting

Answer: asymptomatically

Flashcard 483: Hepatitis B serology: HbsAg _____ Anti-HBs -ve Anti-HBc IgG +ve = Chronic hepatitis B

Answer: +ve

Flashcard 484: Hepatitis B serology: HbsAg _____ Anti-HBs +ve Anti-HBc -ve = previous vaccination

Answer: -ve

Flashcard 485: What is the mainstay management of Hepatitis A? _____

Answer: Symptomatic treatment Admit to hospital if necessary

Flashcard 486: When monitoring chronic hepatitis B do LFTs every _____ & hepatic US every 6 months

Answer: 6 months

Flashcard 487: Hepatitis B serology: _____ is positive when there is immunity from previous infection or vaccination

Answer: Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs)

Flashcard 488: Hepatitis B can be transmitted during child birth due to infected bodily fluids (_____)

Answer: vertical transmission

Flashcard 489: Patients with hepatitis A should excluded from work, school, or nursery _____ after onset of jaundice or 7 days after symptom onset if no history of jaundice

Answer: 7 days

Flashcard 490: Hepatitis A is transmitted via the _____

Answer: faecal-oral route