Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 271: Decompensated cirrhosis can lead to life-threatening complications manifesting as _____, hepatic encephalopathy, jaundice, variceal bleeding, & spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP)

Answer: ascites

Flashcard 272: Before a urea breath test, stool antigen test, CLO test for H. pylori, do NOT take PPIs in the last 2 weeks and antibiotics in the last _____

Answer: 4 weeks

Flashcard 273: Hepatitis _____ & B are the most common viral hepatitis to cause acute liver failure

Answer: A

Flashcard 274: What is the mainstay management of uncomplicated paralytic ileus? _____

Answer: Conservative: bowel rest (NBM) & fluids

Flashcard 275: Hepatitis _____ is the most common viral hepatic cause of cirrhosis

Answer: C

Flashcard 276: _____ are ulcerative lesions often distinguished by gastric ulcers & duodenal ulcers

Answer: Peptic ulcers

Flashcard 277: Cirrhosis typically progresses over _____+ years

Answer: 10

Flashcard 278: The common causes of cirrhosis in the UK are _____, viral hepatitis, & non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)

Answer: alcoholic cirrhosis

Flashcard 279: What is the management for biliary colic? _____

Answer: Elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Extra: Biliary colic is caused by temporary cystic duct obstruction by a gallstone. Unlike acute cholecystitis (which requires early/urgent surgery), biliary colic is managed with elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy to prevent recurrence and complications (e.g., cholecystitis, pancreatitis).

Flashcard 280: The most common causes of acute liver failure: 1. _____ 2. Viral hepatitis (especially A, B, and E) 3. Idiopathic (up to 15-45%)

Answer: Drug-induced (e.g., Paracetamol)