Gastroenterology & Hepatology — Flashcards

Flashcard 281: The most common causes of acute liver failure: 1. _____ 2. Viral hepatitis (especially A, B, and E) 3. Idiopathic (up to 15-45%)

Answer: Drug-induced (e.g., Paracetamol)

Flashcard 282: Asterixis is a(n) _____ sign of cirrhosis

Answer: late

Flashcard 283: Jaundice is a(n) _____ sign of cirrhosis and is commonly accompanied by pruritis

Answer: late

Extra: Jaundice in cirrhosis typically signifies decompensation and is considered a late clinical feature, often carrying a poorer prognosis.

Flashcard 284: What is the curative management of cirrhosis? _____

Answer: Liver transplant

Flashcard 285: If a patient is allergic to penicillin, what is given for H. pylori eradication therapy?\n\n_____

Answer: PPI + Metronidazole + Clarithromycin

Extra: Standard triple therapy is PPI + Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin. In penicillin-allergic patients, Metronidazole replaces Amoxicillin.

Flashcard 286: _____ is a temporary obstruction of the cystic duct or common bile duct from a gallstone causing postprandial RUQ pain

Answer: Biliary colic

Flashcard 287: Gynaecomastia & testicular atrophy are a(n) _____ sign of cirrhosis

Answer: late

Flashcard 288: Spot diagnosis = _____

Answer: paralytic ileus; gaseous distension, no transition point

Flashcard 289: What is the initial imaging for biliary colic? _____

Answer: Abdominal US

Flashcard 290: Spider naevi are a(n) _____ sign of cirrhosis

Answer: early