Drugs for Gastrointestinal Diseases — Flashcards

Flashcard 71: Drug of choice for chronic use NSAID induced peptic ulcer:

Answer: Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Flashcard 72: Drug of choice for diabetic diarrhea:

Answer: Clonidine

Extra: Diabetic diarrhea is a manifestation of diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Management includes: - **Loperamide**: First-line for symptomatic relief. - **Clonidine**: An α2-adrenergic agonist that stimulates α2 receptors on enterocytes and enteric neurons, increasing fluid/electrolyte absorption and slowing transit. - **Tetracycline/Metronidazole**: Used if small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is suspected. - **Octreotide**: Used in refractory cases.

Flashcard 73: Drug of choice for delayed (late) cisplatin-induced vomiting is

Answer: Aprepitant (NK1 receptor antagonist)

Extra: • **Acute CINV** (< 24 hours): 5-HT3 antagonists (e.g., Ondansetron) are the drug of choice. • **Delayed (late) CINV** (> 24 hours): NK1 receptor antagonists (e.g., **Aprepitant**, Rolapitant) are the drug of choice. *Note:* **Palonosetron** is a second-generation 5-HT3 antagonist. Unlike first-generation agents (Ondansetron, Granisetron), it has a much longer half-life (~40 hours) and is effective for **both** acute and delayed phases of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).

Flashcard 74: Drug of choice for Esophageal Candidiasis (typically seen as white plaques on endoscopy) is?

Answer: Fluconazole

Flashcard 75: Drug of choice for prevention of NSAID induced peptic ulcer disease is

Answer: Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)

Flashcard 76: Drug of choice for Wilson's disease with hepatic compensation?

Answer: Zinc

Flashcard 77: Drug of choice for Zollinger Ellison syndrome:

Answer: Omeprazole