Cardiovascular Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 121: Ketamine has a direct _____ inotropic effect on the myocardium

Answer: negative

Flashcard 122: _____ is a calcium sensitiser that can be administered to patients with acute decompensated congestive heart failure

Answer: Levosimendan

Flashcard 123: _____ CCBs must be avoided in patients in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, as it can lead to an increase in LVOT obstruction

Answer: Dihydropyridine

Flashcard 124: Lidocaine is __________ in the treatment of atrial fibrillation.

Answer: Ineffective (Lidocaine is a Class IB antiarrhythmic used for ventricular arrhythmias; it is ineffective against supraventricular arrhythmias like atrial fibrillation).

Flashcard 125: Microsomal triglyceride transfer inhibitor (MTP) is _____.

Answer: lomitapide

Flashcard 126: ACE inhibitors by inhibiting the formation of angiotensin II shifts the renal pressure natriuresis curve to _____

Answer: left

Flashcard 127: Amiodarone inhibits type _____ deiodinase.

Answer: I and II

Flashcard 128: What plant is the primary source of the cardiac glycoside Digoxin?

Answer: Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove)

Extra: Digitalis purpurea (Foxglove) and Digitalis lanata are the primary sources of cardiac glycosides like digoxin and digitoxin. These plants are historically significant in the treatment of heart failure and atrial fibrillation.

Flashcard 129: ACE inhibitors, when used for a long time in patients with hypertension, causes a reduction in _____.

Answer: filtration fraction

Flashcard 130: Which antiarrhythmic drug can be associated with gynecomastia?_____

Answer: Digoxin