Cardiovascular Drugs — Flashcards

Flashcard 111: Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) _____ Ca2+ channel blockers may cause hyper-prolactinemia as an adverse effect

Answer: Non-dihydropyridine

Flashcard 112: Class I antiarrhythmics bind to Na+ channels in their _____ or inactivated state

Answer: open

Flashcard 113: Antihypertensives _____ is a D1 receptor agonist that may be used in the treatment of hypertensive emergency to prevent kidney damage

Answer: Fenoldopam

Flashcard 114: First Aid Pharmacology: Respiratory _____ is a non-selective competitive endothelin-1 receptor antagonist used to treat pulmonary hypertension

Answer: Bosentan

Flashcard 115: Nitrates may cause throbbing _____ and cutaneous flushing as possible side effects

Answer: headaches

Flashcard 116: Capillary hemangiomas in sensitive areas require immediate rx to reduce the bulk of the tumor, with drugs such as _____

Answer: propranolol

Flashcard 117: The oral thrombin inhibitor which can be used for the prevention of stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation is _____.

Answer: dabigatran

Flashcard 118: Which anti-VEGF agents (ligand inhibitors) are administered intravenously?

Answer: Bevacizumab and Aflibercept (Zaltrap)

Extra: Bevacizumab and Aflibercept are anti-VEGF ligand inhibitors administered intravenously for systemic cancer therapy. In contrast: - Most agents used for wet AMD (Ranibizumab, Pegaptanib, and the Eylea formulation of Aflibercept) are administered **intravitreally**. - **Verteporfin** (the current incorrect answer) is administered intravenously for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in wet AMD, but it is a **photosensitizer**, not an anti-VEGF agent. VEGF inhibitors are relevant in cardiovascular pharmacology as they commonly cause hypertension and increased risk of thromboembolic events.

Flashcard 119: What is the DOC for rx of supraventricular bradyarrhythmia (eg. atrioventricular block (type 1 or 2))?_____

Answer: IV atropine

Flashcard 120: _____ is a calcium sensitiser that can be administered to patients with acute decompensated congestive heart failure

Answer: Levosimendan