Antimicrobial Agents — Flashcards

Flashcard 261: _____ and Pneumocystis jirovecii are treated prophylactically in HIV patients with Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)

Answer: Toxoplasmosis

Flashcard 262: Among aminoglycosides, _____ has the highest and streptomycin has the least nephrotoxicity.

Answer: neomycin

Extra: Order of nephrotoxicity for aminoglycosides: Neomycin (highest) > Gentamicin > Tobramycin > Amikacin > Streptomycin (least).

Flashcard 263: _____ with Streptomycin are used to treat the plague caused by Yersinia pestis

Answer: Doxycycline

Flashcard 264: Strongyloides stercoralis is treated with _____ or ivermectin

Answer: albendazole

Flashcard 265: Anti-_____ penicillins include piperacillin, ticarcillin and carbenicillin

Answer: pseudomonal

Flashcard 266: Intravenous _____ and/or quinidine is used for severe malaria infections

Answer: artesunate

Flashcard 267: Second generation cephalosporins have _____ activity against gram-positive bacteria when compared with first generation cephalosporins.

Answer: lesser

Flashcard 268: CMV can gain resistance to ganciclovir via mutations in the _____ gene or its DNA polymerase

Answer: UL-97

Flashcard 269: Vancomycin works by binding _____ to the D-alanyl-D-alanine of peptidoglycan bacterial cell walls

Answer: directly

Flashcard 270: _____ is metabolized to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in fungal cells

Answer: Flucytosine (5-FC)