Antimicrobial Resistance — Flashcards

Which two antibiotics are commonly used to treat vancomycin-resistant bacteria (e.g., VRE, VRSA)? _____ and Daptomycin

What 2 classes of penicillins can penetrate the porins of gram-negative bacteria?\n\n_____

The mnemonic CAMPFIRE can be used to remember the drugs effective against Pseudomonas aeruginosa_____AminoglycosidesMonobactams (aztreonam)Polymixins (polymixin B, colistin)Fluoroquinolones (cipro, levofloxacin)thIRd and fourth-gen cephalosporins (ceftazidime, cefepime)Extended spectrum (antipseudomonal) penicillins (piperacillin, ticarcillin)

What is the primary mode of resistance to drugs like chloroquine, mefloquine, halofantrine, lumefantrine, quinine etc.?_____

Resistance to zidovudine occurs due to mutations in the _____ enzyme.

_____ are anti-bacterials that have bulky R-groups that block access to the beta-lactam ring, making them penicillinase/beta-lactamase resistant.

Metronidazole enters the cell and is reduced to form a nitro radical, which competes with _____ enzyme used by microaerophilic organisms to carry out pyruvate metabolism

Resistance of penicillins comes from production of _____ that cleave the β-lactam ring, or changes to penicillin binding proteins (confers methicillin resistance in MRSA).

Isoniazid induces efflux pumps that result in cross-resistance with _____.

Drug of choice for treatment of infections caused by MRSA is :