Neuropathology — Flashcards

Flashcard 11: _____ cells in brain parenchyma are a characteristic histological finding in Krabbe disease.

Answer: Globoid

Flashcard 12: _____ are the characteristic histologic feature of adamantinomatous type of craniopharyngioma

Answer: Wet keratin nodules

Flashcard 13: The earliest histological evidence for Diffuse Axonal Injury appears at _____. Bonus: What is this evidence? Axonal spheroids (swellings)

Answer: 12 hours

Extra: Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) results from shearing forces during traumatic brain injury. - **Microscopic findings:** Axonal spheroids (swellings) caused by disruption of axonal transport at the nodes of Ranvier. - **Timing:** Spheroids become visible on light microscopy (e.g., silver stains) at approximately **12-24 hours**. - **Immunohistochemistry:** β-amyloid precursor protein (β-APP) can detect injury much earlier, within 2-4 hours.

Flashcard 14: _____ is characterized by round aggregates (shape) of hyperphosphorylated tau protein known as Pick bodies; may be seen with silver stain

Answer: Frontotemporal dementia (Pick disease)

Flashcard 15: Shrunken, yellow-brown, cystic lesions in the gyri and subarachnoid space associated with _____ are called as plaque jaune.

Answer: head injury

Flashcard 16: Medulloblastoma is characterized histologically by small _____ cells (color) with Homer-Wright rosettes

Answer: blue

Flashcard 17: Downward transtentorial (central) herniation may result in rupture of the _____ branches of the basilar artery, which cause Duret hemorrhages

Answer: paramedian

Flashcard 18: HSV causes hemorrhagic necrosis of the inferomedial _____ and frontal lobe.

Answer: temporal

Flashcard 19: Multiple sclerosis is an _____ destruction of CNS myelin and oligodendrocytes

Answer: autoimmune

Flashcard 20: In Punch-Drunk syndrome, the _____ leads to stretching of the bridging veins, which predisposes to a subdural haemorrhage.

Answer: cortical atrophy