Trauma — Flashcards

Flashcard 111: A soft tissue swelling with abnormal downward angulation of the patella on x-ray is suggestive of rupture of the _____ muscle/tendon

Answer: quadriceps

Flashcard 112: Stabilization in an infected non-union can be achieved with an _____.

Answer: Ilizarov fixator

Flashcard 113: What is the next step in management if vascular injury is suspected in supracondylar humerus fractures?

Answer: Immediate reduction and stabilization (CRPP)

Extra: In supracondylar humerus fractures with suspected vascular injury (e.g., pulseless hand), the priority is immediate reduction and stabilization. Angiography or duplex scans are generally avoided as they cause unnecessary delay; the vascular compromise is often due to kinking or entrapment which may resolve upon reduction.

Flashcard 114: Fracture lateral condyle of humerus is classified according to _____ classification

Answer: Milch's

Flashcard 115: In forearm #s involving the middle 1/3rd, the position of the cast should be in _____

Answer: mid-pronation

Flashcard 116: _____ displacement is more common in supracondylar fracture of the humerus.

Answer: Posterior

Flashcard 117: Among hip injuries, rank the following in descending order of the degree of limb **shortening**: Posterior dislocation, Neck of femur fracture, and Trochanteric fracture.

Answer: 1. Trochanteric fracture (~2 inches / 5 cm) 2. Posterior dislocation (~1 inch / 2.5 cm) 3. Neck of femur fracture (< 0.5 inch / 1.25 cm)

Extra: The degree of shortening depends on whether the injury is intracapsular or extracapsular. In extracapsular (trochanteric) fractures, the muscle pull is not restricted by the joint capsule, leading to significant shortening. Intracapsular (neck) fractures are contained within the capsule, which limits the displacement. Note: Malunited fractures of the femoral shaft can show even greater shortening (up to 3 inches) due to significant overlap of the fragments.

Flashcard 118: In an **anterior hip dislocation**, if the femoral head lies **inferiorly** (over the obturator foramen), it is called the _____ type.

Answer: Inferior (Obturator) type

Flashcard 119: Pain in the case of a pathological/stress fracture usually occurs _____ the fracture.

Answer: before (before/after)

Flashcard 120: The trough sign is seen in _____ shoulder dislocation

Answer: posterior