Lower Limb Fractures — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: _____ fractures present with an adducted and externally rotated leg with shortening.

Answer: Femoral neck

Extra: Classical presentation of hip fractures (Femoral neck and Intertrochanteric): - Shortening - External rotation - Adduction Contrast with Hip Dislocations: - Posterior Dislocation (most common): Shortened, Internally rotated, Adducted. - Anterior Dislocation: Externally rotated, Abducted.

Flashcard 2: _____ angle is the angle between the line of a fracture of the neck of the femur and the horizontal as seen on an anteroposterior radiograph

Answer: Pauwels

Flashcard 3: _____ is used in displaced intertrochanteric fracture

Answer: Dynamic Hip Screw (DHS) or Proximal Femoral Nail (PFN)

Flashcard 4: _____ classification is based on the angle made by the fracture line of femoral neck in reference to the horizontal plane

Answer: Pauwels

Flashcard 5: Most consistent sign of a fracture is _____

Answer: tenderness

Flashcard 6: Femoral neck fractures with higher Pauwels angles are more _____

Answer: unstable (stable/unstable)

Flashcard 7: Pseudo Jones (avulsion) fracture usually occurs in zone _____ of the metatarsal

Answer: 1

Flashcard 8: Detailed evaluation of complex ankle fractures (e.g., assessing intra-articular extension and pre-operative planning) is best performed using _____

Answer: CT scan

Flashcard 9: In the fracture of midshaft of the femur, the distal fragment is _____ducted and the proximal fragment is flexed and externally rotated.

Answer: aD

Flashcard 10: The given x-ray shows hypertrophic nonunion caused by inadequate _____

Answer: stabilization