Principles of Fracture Management — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: X-ray showing compression on one side of the radius causing the other side to bend/ buckle suggests a _____ fracture.

Answer: torus

Flashcard 2: Simple olecranon fractures without comminution or instability are managed with _____, plate fixation, or an intramedullary rod

Answer: tension-band wiring

Flashcard 3: Non-union is defined as arrest in the healing process of a fracture lasting more than _____ months and for which there has been no signs of healing for 3 months

Answer: 9

Flashcard 4: In a hypertrophic non-union, how is the **biology** of the fracture healing?

Answer: Normal (preserved biology)

Extra: Hypertrophic non-union occurs when there is adequate biology (blood supply) but inadequate stability (mechanical environment). It is characterized by excessive callus formation (e.g., "elephant foot" appearance). In contrast, atrophic non-union has poor biology.

Flashcard 5: The most common complication of extracapsular femur neck fracture is _____

Answer: malunion/coxa vara

Flashcard 6: Limb compartment syndrome is often caused by traumatic injury due to:- significant _____ fractures- reperfusion injury- animal venoms

Answer: long bone

Flashcard 7: Stress fractures are seen in normal bone due to repeated _____ of the bone

Answer: abnormal loading

Flashcard 8: In an atrophic non-union, how is the biological healing activity at the fracture site characterized?

Answer: Biologically inactive (or deficient)

Flashcard 9: The given x-ray shows hypertrophic nonunion caused by inadequate _____

Answer: stabilization

Flashcard 10: The given image shows a fracture of the radial styloid process, which is called a _____ fracture. (Ignore the red arrow)

Answer: Chauffeur's