NEET-PG 2013 - Psychiatry Practice Questions

Q: A student unable to deliver speech before an audience is suffering from?

Social anxiety disorder. ***Social anxiety disorder*** - This condition involves an intense, persistent fear of social situations, particularly those where one might be scrutinized or judged by others. - Public speaking is a classic scenario that can trigger significant distress and avoidance in individuals with **social anxiety disorder**. *Fear of open spaces* - This symptom describes **agoraphobia**, which is an anxiety disorder characterized by fear and avoidance of situations or places that might cause panic, helplessness, or embarrassment, often due to a perceived inability to escape. - While it can sometimes involve fear of public gatherings, its core is about escape/safety from open, unfamiliar, or overwhelming spaces, not specifically about performance. *Fear of enclosed spaces* - This refers to **claustrophobia**, which is an anxiety disorder characterized by an irrational fear of confined spaces. - It does not involve the fear of speaking or performance before an audience. *Obsessive Compulsive Disorder* - **OCD** is characterized by recurrent and persistent thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors or mental acts (compulsions) performed to reduce anxiety. - It does not typically manifest as an inability to deliver a speech before an audience unless the obsessions or compulsions directly interfere with such an activity, which is not the primary mechanism of this symptom.

Q: Astasia-abasia is associated with which of the following conditions?

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder. ***Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder*** - **Astasia-abasia**, which refers to an inability to stand (astasia) and walk (abasia) despite normal motor function when examined in bed, is a classical presentation of **Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder** (formerly conversion disorder). - This disorder involves neurological symptoms that are incompatible with recognized medical conditions and often linked to **psychological stressors**. - The gait disturbance is bizarre and inconsistent with any known neurological pattern. *Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder* - Characterized by re-experiencing a **traumatic event**, avoidance behaviors, negative alterations in cognitions and mood, and hyperarousal. - While it can manifest with physical symptoms, **astasia-abasia** is not a primary or characteristic feature. *Depressive Disorder* - Primarily involves persistent **sadness**, loss of interest or pleasure, changes in appetite or sleep, and feelings of worthlessness or guilt. - Although physical symptoms like fatigue and psychomotor retardation can occur, **astasia-abasia** is not a typical presentation. *Bipolar Mood Disorder* - Distinguished by episodes of both **mania** (or hypomania) and **depression**. - Symptoms are predominantly mood-related, including extreme shifts in energy, activity levels, and concentration, not specific neurological deficits like astasia-abasia.

Q: Voyeurism is also known as:

Scoptophilia. ***Scoptophilia*** - **Scoptophilia** is another term for **voyeurism**, defined as deriving sexual pleasure from secretly watching others. - This paraphilia involves observing unsuspecting individuals, often unclothed or engaging in sexual activity. *Frotteurism* - **Frotteurism** involves obtaining sexual gratification by **rubbing** against or touching a non-consenting person in a public place. - Unlike voyeurism, it requires direct physical contact rather than just observation. *Eonism* - **Eonism** refers to **transvestism**, a condition where individuals derive sexual gratification from wearing clothes of the opposite sex. - It is distinct from voyeurism, which is about observation, not cross-dressing. *Onanism* - **Onanism** is historically and generally used to refer to **masturbation** or coitus interruptus (withdrawal method). - It does not involve observing others like voyeurism, but rather self-stimulation or a specific form of contraception.

Q: Classic tetrad of narcolepsy includes all, except:

Catalepsy. ***Catalepsy*** - Catalepsy refers to a **waxy flexibility** and maintenance of postures seen in **catatonia** (a psychiatric condition). - It is **NOT** part of the classic tetrad of narcolepsy. - The classic tetrad includes **cataplexy** (not catalepsy), which is sudden muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions, along with excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic/hypnopompic hallucinations. *Hypnagogic hallucination* - Vivid, often frightening, dream-like experiences that occur while **falling asleep** (hypnagogic) or upon awakening (hypnopompic). - This is a recognized component of the **classic tetrad of narcolepsy**. *Sleep paralysis* - Temporary inability to move or speak upon **waking up or falling asleep**. - One of the four key symptoms forming the **classic tetrad of narcolepsy**. *Sleep attacks* - Sudden, irresistible urges to sleep that can occur at any time, often without warning. - **Excessive daytime sleepiness** leading to these attacks is a core feature and part of the **classic tetrad of narcolepsy**.

Q: Term 'schizophrenia' was coined by:

Eugene Bleuler. ***Eugene Bleuler*** - The Swiss psychiatrist **Eugene Bleuler** was the first to use the term "schizophrenia" in **1908**, replacing **Kraepelin's** term **dementia praecox**. - He coined the term from Greek roots: "schizein" (to split) and "phren" (mind), referring to the **splitting of mental functions**. *Freud* - **Sigmund Freud** is known as the founder of **psychoanalysis** and developed theories on the unconscious mind, defense mechanisms, and psychosexual development. - While influential in psychiatry, he did not coin the term "schizophrenia." *Kraepelin* - **Emil Kraepelin** was a German psychiatrist who developed a classification system for mental disorders and described what he called **"dementia praecox,"** which is now largely equivalent to schizophrenia. - He systematized the understanding of the disorder but did not coin the term "schizophrenia" itself. *Schneider* - **Kurt Schneider** was a German psychiatrist known for his concept of **"first-rank symptoms"** of schizophrenia, which are considered highly characteristic of the disorder. - His contributions were significant in diagnosing schizophrenia, but he did not originate the term.

Q: Sexual asphyxia is seen in cases of:

Masochism. ***Masochism*** - **Sexual asphyxia** (also known as autoerotic asphyxiation or hypoxyphilia) is a dangerous practice where an individual intentionally reduces oxygen supply to the brain during sexual activity to enhance sexual arousal through cerebral hypoxia. - This practice is associated with **sexual masochism disorder**, where sexual gratification is derived from experiencing pain, suffering, or potentially life-threatening situations. - The oxygen deprivation creates a sense of euphoria and heightened arousal, but carries significant risk of accidental death. - This is considered a particularly dangerous form of masochistic sexual behavior. *Sadism* - **Sexual sadism disorder** involves deriving sexual pleasure from inflicting pain, suffering, or humiliation on others. - The focus is on causing distress to another person, whereas sexual asphyxia is typically self-inflicted (autoerotic) or involves the practitioner being the one deprived of oxygen. *Voyeurism* - **Voyeuristic disorder** refers to obtaining sexual pleasure from secretly observing unsuspecting individuals who are naked, disrobing, or engaging in sexual activity. - It does not involve any form of physical risk, asphyxia, or oxygen deprivation. *Fetishism* - **Fetishistic disorder** is a paraphilia where sexual arousal and gratification are primarily associated with inanimate objects (e.g., shoes, underwear) or specific non-genital body parts. - This condition does not involve asphyxiation; the focus is on a particular object or body part as the source of sexual pleasure.

Q: CAGE questionnaire is used in:

Alcohol dependence. ***Alcohol dependence*** - The **CAGE questionnaire** is a widely used screening tool for identifying potential **alcohol problems** and dependence. - The acronym CAGE stands for Cutting down, Annoyance by criticism, Guilty feelings, and Eye-openers, all related to drinking habits. *Opiate poisoning* - Screening for opiate use or poisoning typically involves asking about **drug use history**, conducting **urine drug screens**, and observing specific clinical signs like **pinpoint pupils** and **respiratory depression**. - The CAGE questionnaire is not designed to screen for opiate use. *Dhatura poisoning* - **Dhatura poisoning** is characterized by anticholinergic symptoms like **dilated pupils**, **dry mouth**, **tachycardia**, and **delirium**. - Diagnosis relies on clinical presentation and a history of exposure, not a specific questionnaire like CAGE. *Barbiturate poisoning* - **Barbiturate poisoning** presents with central nervous system depression, including **sedation**, **respiratory depression**, and **hypotension**. - Diagnosis involves a clinical assessment, history of barbiturate use, and toxicology screens, not the CAGE questionnaire.

Q: What term describes the practice of wearing clothes of the opposite sex?

Transvestism. ***Transvestism*** - **Transvestism** (also known as transvestic fetishism in DSM-IV-TR/ICD-10) is the term that describes the practice of dressing in clothes typically associated with the opposite sex. - This involves **cross-dressing** for personal pleasure, comfort, or sexual arousal, without necessarily implying a desire to permanently change one's sex. - **Note:** Modern classifications (DSM-5-TR/ICD-11) now use "transvestic disorder" only when the behavior causes marked distress or impairment, distinguishing pathological behavior from non-clinical cross-dressing. *Masochism* - **Masochism** refers to deriving sexual gratification from experiencing pain, humiliation, or submission. - This is a distinct paraphilic pattern and does not involve wearing clothes of the opposite sex. *Sadism* - **Sadism** involves deriving sexual gratification from inflicting pain, humiliation, or suffering on others. - This is unrelated to cross-dressing behavior. *Fetishism* - **Fetishism** involves sexual arousal from inanimate objects or non-genital body parts (e.g., shoes, feet, leather items). - While it can involve clothing items, it does not specifically refer to wearing clothes of the opposite sex as a complete ensemble, which defines transvestism.

Q: The term 'frigidity' (though outdated) traditionally refers to:

Inability to initiate sexual arousal in female. ***Inability to initiate sexual arousal in female*** - The term "frigidity," though now considered **outdated and pejorative**, traditionally referred to a woman's inability to experience **sexual arousal** or pleasure. - This term encompassed various forms of female sexual dysfunction, including **anorgasmia** and **hypoactive sexual desire disorder**, which are now described with greater precision. *Inability to conceive with a particular male* - This describes **infertility** or **subfertility**, which is a distinct medical condition related to reproductive capacity, not sexual pleasure or arousal. - While sexual activity is necessary for conception, the inability to conceive does not inherently mean a lack of sexual arousal or desire. *Ejaculation occurring immediately after penetration* - This describes **premature ejaculation**, a male sexual dysfunction characterized by rapid orgasm and ejaculation, typically before, during, or shortly after penetration. - This term is relevant to male sexual function and not to female sexual arousal. *Inability to initiate sexual arousal in male* - This condition is known as **erectile dysfunction** (ED) or **male hypoactive sexual desire disorder**, referring to a man's inability to achieve or maintain an erection or lack of sexual desire. - The term "frigidity" was specifically and historically applied to female sexual difficulties, not male ones.

Q: Delirium tremens is most commonly seen in:

Alcohol withdrawal. ***Alcohol withdrawal*** - **Delirium tremens (DTs)** is the most severe form of **alcohol withdrawal syndrome**, characterized by **severe disorientation**, **agitation**, and **autonomic instability**. - It typically manifests 2-5 days after the cessation or significant reduction of alcohol intake in individuals with chronic alcohol dependence. *Opioid withdrawal* - Opioid withdrawal symptoms include **dysphoria**, **nausea**, **vomiting**, **diarrhea**, **muscle aches**, **lacrimation**, and **rhinorrhea**. - It does not typically involve the profound **delirium**, **hallucinations**, and **autonomic hyperactivity** seen in DTs. *Opioid intoxication* - Opioid intoxication presents with **central nervous system depression**, including **respiratory depression**, **miosis**, and **decreased level of consciousness**. - These symptoms are opposite to the hyperactive and agitated state characteristic of delirium tremens. *Alcohol intoxication* - Alcohol intoxication causes **central nervous system depression**, leading to **sedation**, **impaired coordination**, and **decreased judgment**. - This is a state of acute impairment from alcohol, not a withdrawal syndrome, and thus presents very differently from delirium tremens.

Question 1

A student unable to deliver speech before an audience is suffering from?

Accepted Answer

Social anxiety disorder

Answer

Fear of open spaces

Answer

Fear of enclosed spaces

Answer

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder

Question 2

Astasia-abasia is associated with which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder

Answer

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Answer

Depressive Disorder

Answer

Bipolar Mood Disorder

Question 3

Voyeurism is also known as:

Accepted Answer

Scoptophilia

Answer

Frotteurism

Answer

Eonism

Answer

Onanism

Question 4

Classic tetrad of narcolepsy includes all, except:

Accepted Answer

Catalepsy

Answer

Hypnagogic hallucination

Answer

Sleep paralysis

Answer

Sleep attacks

Question 5

Term 'schizophrenia' was coined by:

Accepted Answer

Eugene Bleuler

Answer

Freud

Answer

Kraepelin

Answer

Schneider

Question 6

Sexual asphyxia is seen in cases of:

Accepted Answer

Masochism

Answer

Sadism

Answer

Voyeurism

Answer

Fetishism

Question 7

CAGE questionnaire is used in:

Accepted Answer

Alcohol dependence

Answer

Opiate poisoning

Answer

Dhatura poisoning

Answer

Barbiturate poisoning

Question 8

What term describes the practice of wearing clothes of the opposite sex?

Accepted Answer

Transvestism

Answer

Masochism

Answer

Sadism

Answer

Fetishism

Question 9

The term 'frigidity' (though outdated) traditionally refers to:

Accepted Answer

Inability to initiate sexual arousal in female

Answer

Inability to conceive with a particular male

Answer

Ejaculation occurring immediately after penetration

Answer

Inability to initiate sexual arousal in male

Question 10

Delirium tremens is most commonly seen in:

Accepted Answer

Alcohol withdrawal

Answer

Opioid withdrawal

Answer

Opioid intoxication

Answer

Alcohol intoxication

NEET-PG 2013 — Psychiatry