INI-CET 2023 - Anatomy PYQs Practice Questions

Q: What can cause the absence of fructose in seminal fluid?

Both of the above. ***Both of the above*** - **Fructose** in seminal fluid is primarily produced by the **seminal vesicles**, providing energy for sperm motility. - Therefore, either a **congenital absence of seminal vesicles** or an **ejaculatory duct obstruction** (preventing seminal vesicle secretions from reaching the ejaculate) would lead to the absence of fructose. *Congenital absence of seminal vesicle* - The **seminal vesicles** are the primary source of fructose in seminal fluid. - If a person is born without these glands, **fructose will be absent** from their seminal fluid. *Ejaculatory duct obstruction* - An obstruction in the **ejaculatory ducts** would block the passage of secretions from the **seminal vesicles** and vasoepididymis into the urethra. - This prevents **fructose** (from the seminal vesicles) and sperm (from the testes/epididymis) from being present in the ejaculate. *None of the above* - This option is incorrect because both **congenital absence of seminal vesicles** and **ejaculatory duct obstruction** are valid causes for the absence of fructose in seminal fluid. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which nerve is blocked in the image given below?

Long ciliary nerve. ***Long ciliary nerve*** - The image depicts a nerve block performed around the **globe of the eye**, specifically targeting the structures involved in sensing the anterior segment - The **long ciliary nerves** are responsible for carrying **sensory innervation** from the cornea, iris, and ciliary body, making them a target for anesthesia when performing procedures involving these structures - This is a **peribulbar or retrobulbar block** technique targeting the long ciliary nerves near the globe *Nasociliary nerve* - The **nasociliary nerve** is a branch of the **ophthalmic nerve** (V1) that supplies sensation to parts of the eye and nasal cavity - While the long ciliary nerve is a branch of the nasociliary nerve, the image specifically shows a more **distal block** targeting the ciliary nerves near the globe, rather than the main trunk of the nasociliary nerve more proximally *Supratrochlear nerve* - The **supratrochlear nerve** is a branch of the **frontal nerve**, which is also a branch of the ophthalmic nerve - It supplies sensation to the **medial part of the upper eyelid** and the forehead, not directly to the anterior structures of the eye itself - This nerve would not be targeted in a peribulbar block *Anterior ethmoidal nerve* - The **anterior ethmoidal nerve** is a branch of the **nasociliary nerve** that provides sensation to parts of the nasal septum and the anterior part of the nasal cavity - It does not directly innervate the cornea or other anterior structures of the eye - This nerve exits the orbit through the anterior ethmoidal foramen [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Identify the position of the appendix marked in BLACK in the given image:

Retrocecal. ***Retrocecal*** - The **retrocecal** position (represented by the black color in the image) indicates the appendix is located behind the cecum, often a common variant. - This position can make diagnosis of appendicitis challenging as it may cause atypical pain patterns. *Pelvic* - The **pelvic** appendix descends into the true pelvis, which can mimic gynecological or urological conditions. - It usually causes pain that is more generalized in the lower abdomen or suprapubic region. *Subcecal* - The **subcecal** appendix is located directly below the cecum and is a relatively rare position. - While somewhat straightforward in presentation, it is less common than retrocecal or pelvic positions. *Preileal* - The **preileal** position indicates the appendix lies in front of the terminal ileum. - This is a less common anatomical variation, often associated with specific clinical presentations related to its anterior location. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: What is the incorrect statement?

Zygote is Bipotential at 8 weeks. ***Zygote is Bipotential at 8 weeks*** - A **zygote** is formed at conception and is the single-cell diploid organism, not bipotential at 8 weeks. - The **bipotential gonad** can develop into either testes or ovaries, and this stage of sexual differentiation occurs earlier in gestation, typically around the 6th to 7th week, before differentiating into male or female gonads, not at 8 weeks as an entire zygote. *MIS inhibits the formation of Mullerian duct* - **Müllerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS)**, also known as **Anti-Müllerian Hormone (AMH)**, is produced by the Sertoli cells of the developing testes [1]. - Its primary function is to cause the **regression of the Müllerian ducts**, which would otherwise develop into female internal reproductive structures (fallopian tubes, uterus, and upper vagina) [1]. *WD form male internal genitalia* - The **Wolffian ducts (WD)**, also known as mesonephric ducts, are precursors to male internal genitalia in the presence of testosterone [1]. - stimulated by **testosterone** produced by the Leydig cells of the fetal testes, they develop into the **epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles** [1]. *DHT is necessary for the development of external genitals* - **Dihydrotestosterone (DHT)**, a more potent form of testosterone, is crucial for the development of male external genitalia [1]. - The enzyme **5α-reductase** converts testosterone to DHT in target tissues, leading to the formation of the **penis, scrotum, and prostate** [1]. [Practice more Anatomy PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

What can cause the absence of fructose in seminal fluid?

Accepted Answer

Both of the above

Answer

None of the above

Answer

Congenital absence of seminal vesicle

Answer

Ejaculatory duct obstruction

Question 2

Which nerve is blocked in the image given below?

Accepted Answer

Long ciliary nerve

Answer

Nasociliary nerve

Answer

Supratrochlear nerve

Answer

Anterior ethmoidal nerve

Question 3

Identify the position of the appendix marked in BLACK in the given image:

Accepted Answer

Retrocecal

Answer

Pelvic

Answer

Subcecal

Answer

Preileal

Question 4

What is the incorrect statement?

Accepted Answer

Zygote is Bipotential at 8 weeks

Answer

MIS inhibits the formation of Mullerian duct

Answer

WD form male internal genitalia

Answer

DHT is necessary for the development of external genitals

Question 5

What is the correct sequence of the auditory pathway?

Accepted Answer

Cochlea → Spiral Ganglion → Cochlear Nerve → Superior Olivary N

Answer

Spiral Ganglion → Cochlea → Cochlear Nerve → Superior Olivary N

Answer

Spiral Ganglion → Cochlear Nerve → Cochlea → Superior Olivary N

Answer

Cochlear Nerve → Spiral Ganglion → Cochlea → Superior Olivary N

Question 6

Identify the lines shown in the following image:

Accepted Answer

Langer's lines

Answer

Hinderer's lines

Answer

Dermatomes

Answer

Blaschko's lines

Question 7

Which of the following structures is supplied by the superior gluteal nerve?

Accepted Answer

Gluteus minimus

Answer

Gluteus maximus

Answer

Piriformis

Answer

All of the options

Question 8

What is the action of the muscle shown in the image below?

Accepted Answer

Retracts the scapula

Answer

Medial rotation of the shoulder

Answer

Adduction of the shoulder

Answer

Extension of the shoulder

Question 9

Match the following:
A) Glossopharyngeal nerve
B) Spinal accessory nerve
C) Facial nerve
D) Mandibular nerve

1) Shrugging of shoulder
2) Touch sensation from the posterior one-third of the tongue
3) Chewing
4) Taste from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue

Accepted Answer

A-2 , B-1 , C-4 , D-3

Answer

A-3 , B-1 , C-4 , D-2

Answer

A-2 , B-3 , C-4 , D-1

Answer

A-4 , B-1 , C-2 , D-3

Question 10

Anterior relations of third part of duodenum are all except?

Accepted Answer

Fundus of gallbladder

Answer

Jejunum

Answer

Root of mesentery

Answer

Superior mesenteric artery

INI-CET 2023 — Anatomy