NEET-PG 2018 - Dermatology PYQs Practice Questions

Q: Which of the following are risk factors for cutaneous lymphoma?

All of the options. ***All of the options*** - **All listed factors**, including age, gender, and a weakened immune system, are recognized risk factors for the development of cutaneous lymphoma. - The risk of cutaneous lymphoma generally **increases with age**, shows a slightly higher incidence in **males**, and is significantly elevated in individuals with **compromised immune systems**. *Age* - While age is a risk factor, it is only one component among several that contribute to the overall risk of developing cutaneous lymphoma. - The incidence of most lymphomas, including cutaneous forms, typically **increases with advancing age**, but other factors also play a critical role. *Gender* - Like age, gender is a recognized risk factor, with a slightly **higher incidence in males** compared to females. - However, gender alone does not fully explain the risk, as environmental and other host-related factors also contribute. *Weakened immune system* - A weakened immune system is a significant risk factor, as it impairs the body's ability to control abnormal cell growth, including cancerous lymphocytes. - However, it is not the sole risk factor; individuals with healthy immune systems can also develop cutaneous lymphoma due to other contributing factors. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Cutis marmorata occurs due to exposure to –

Cold temperature. ***Cold temperature*** - **Cutis marmorata** is a physiological response to **cold temperatures**, characterized by a mottled, reticulated vascular pattern on the skin. - This occurs due to **vasoconstriction** of the small arteries and arterioles, alongside **vasodilation** of the venules, creating the characteristic marbled appearance. *Dust* - Exposure to **dust** typically causes **irritation**, allergic reactions, or respiratory issues, such as **dermatitis**, **contact urticaria**, or **asthma**. - It does not directly lead to the characteristic vascular changes seen in cutis marmorata. *Hot temperature* - **Hot temperatures** generally cause **vasodilation** in the skin to facilitate **heat dissipation**, leading to redness and warmth. - This is the opposite physiological response to cutis marmorata, which involves vasoconstriction. *Humidity* - **Humidity** primarily affects **skin hydration** and the rate of perspiration, potentially exacerbating certain skin conditions like **eczema** or **fungal infections**. - High or low humidity does not directly induce the vascular changes that result in cutis marmorata. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Which of the following statements about keloids is MOST true?

Keloids may extend beyond the original wound.. ***Keloids may extend beyond the original wound.*** - Keloids are characterized by their **overgrowth** beyond the boundaries of the original injury. - This distinguishes them from **hypertrophic scars**, which remain confined to the wound edges. *Extended excision is often not the treatment of choice.* - **Excision alone** is usually insufficient for keloids and can even be counterproductive, as the recurring wound often leads to a larger keloid. - While excision can be part of a treatment plan, it is typically combined with supplementary therapies like **steroid injections** or **radiation therapy** to prevent recurrence. *It contains growth factors.* - While keloids involve abnormal fibroblast activity and deposition of **extracellular matrix**, the statement that it "contains growth factors" is too vague and not a defining characteristic that differentiates it from a range of other tissues or conditions. - Many tissues and healing processes involve growth factors, so this statement alone does not provide a specific or most true characteristic of keloids. *None of the options.* - This option is incorrect because the statement that **keloids may extend beyond the original wound** is a hallmark characteristic of keloids and is definitively true. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Identify the skin lesion shown in the image.

Becker nevus. ***Becker nevus*** - This image clearly shows a large, **hyperpigmented patch with overlying coarse terminal hairs**, characteristic of a Becker nevus. - Becker nevi typically develop in adolescence and are often found on the shoulder or upper trunk, as seen here. *Hypopigmented macule* - A **hypopigmented macule** would appear as an area of skin with **reduced pigmentation** (lighter than the surrounding skin), which is contrary to the darker lesion shown. - There would also be no indication of **increased hair growth** within a typical hypopigmented macule. *Spitz nevus* - A Spitz nevus is a benign melanocytic nevus often appearing as a **dome-shaped, pink or red papule or nodule**, commonly on the face or limbs. - It does not present as a large, hairy, **hyperpigmented patch** as depicted in the image. *Epidermal nevus* - An epidermal nevus is a **congenital lesion** formed by an overgrowth of epidermal cells, but its appearance is typically a **verrucous (wart-like) plaque** or linearly arranged papules. - While it can be hyperpigmented, it generally **lacks the prominent hypertrichosis** (excessive hair growth) seen in the image. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: Comment on the image shown:

Arsenical keratosis. ***Arsenical keratosis*** - The image shows characteristic **raindrop pigmentation** (alternating hypo/hyperpigmented macules) and **palmar/plantar keratoses** pathognomonic of chronic **arsenic toxicity**. - Associated with **Blackfoot disease** (peripheral vascular disease) and increased risk of **skin malignancies**, distinguishing it from benign hyperkeratotic conditions. *Corn* - A corn presents as a **single, localized lesion** with a **painful central core**, unlike the multiple diffuse keratotic lesions with pigmentary changes seen here. - Corns are **friction-induced** and lack the characteristic **raindrop pigmentation** associated with arsenic exposure. *Callosity* - Callosity results from **repeated friction and pressure** causing broad, flat hyperkeratotic thickening without pigmentary changes. - It lacks the **alternating hypo/hyperpigmented macules** and **corn-like keratoses** characteristic of arsenical toxicity. *Warts* - **Viral warts** caused by **HPV** show **black puncta** (thrombosed capillaries) and **papillomatous surface** upon examination. - They present as **elevated, rough lesions** without the **raindrop pigmentation** and flat keratotic appearance of arsenical keratosis. *Cutaneous horn* - A **cutaneous horn** appears as a **solitary, conical projection** of keratin resembling an animal horn, typically on sun-exposed areas. - It presents as a **single horn-like protrusion** rather than the **multiple flat keratoses** with pigmentary changes shown in arsenical keratosis. [Practice more Dermatology PYQs on OnCourse]

Question 1

Which of the following are risk factors for cutaneous lymphoma?

Accepted Answer

All of the options

Answer

Weakened immune system

Answer

Age

Answer

Gender

Question 2

Cutis marmorata occurs due to exposure to –

Accepted Answer

Cold temperature

Answer

Dust

Answer

Hot temperature

Answer

Humidity

Question 3

Which of the following statements about keloids is MOST true?

Accepted Answer

Keloids may extend beyond the original wound.

Answer

Extended excision is often not the treatment of choice.

Answer

It contains growth factors.

Answer

None of the options.

Question 4

Identify the skin lesion shown in the image.

Accepted Answer

Becker nevus

Answer

Hypopigmented macule

Answer

Spitz nevus

Answer

Epidermal nevus

Question 5

Comment on the image shown:

Accepted Answer

Arsenical keratosis

Answer

Corn

Answer

Callosity

Answer

Warts

Answer

Cutaneous horn

Question 6

A 24-year-old male presents with a lesion at the site shown in the image for 4 years. He says it has increased in thickness over the years. Diagnosis is:

Accepted Answer

Becker's nevus

Answer

Spitz nevus

Answer

Hyper-melanosis of Ito

Answer

Congenital melanocytic nevus

Question 7

Which of the following layers is absent in psoriasis?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

Question 8

Which of the following layers contains Odland bodies?

Accepted Answer

B

Answer

A

Answer

C

Answer

D

NEET-PG 2018 — Dermatology