FMGE 2018 — Dental

Question 1: All are premalignant conditions of oral cavity except:

• A. Oral submucosal fibrosis
• B. Oral lichen planus (Correct Answer)
• C. Leucoplakia
• D. Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis

Explanation: ***Oral lichen planus*** - While certain forms of **oral lichen planus (OLP)**, particularly the erosive type, are considered to have a small potential for malignant transformation, it is generally considered a **potentially malignant disorder** rather than a definitively premalignant condition with high rates of progression. - Its transformation rates are significantly lower and less consistent across studies compared to other conditions listed. *Oral submucosal fibrosis* - This is a well-established **premalignant condition** characterized by chronic, progressive fibrotic changes in the oral mucosa, primarily due to **areca nut chewing**. - It has a high malignant transformation rate, particularly into **oral squamous cell carcinoma**. *Leucoplakia* - This is defined as a white plaque of the oral mucosa that cannot be rubbed off and cannot be characterized as any other diagnosable disease. - It is histologically often associated with **epithelial dysplasia** and has a significant risk of developing into **oral squamous cell carcinoma**, making it a definitive premalignant condition. *Chronic hyperplastic candidiasis* - This is a form of **mucocutaneous candidiasis** that presents as a persistent white plaque that cannot be scraped off. - Unlike other forms of candidiasis, it is considered a **premalignant lesion** with a potential for malignant transformation, especially if associated with epithelial dysplasia.