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FMGE 2010 — Pediatrics

Q: Juvenile court deals with cases of children up to the age of:

18 years. ***18 years*** - Under the **Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015** in India, a "juvenile" or "child in conflict with law" is defined as a person who has **not completed 18 years of age**. - Juvenile courts (Juvenile Justice Boards) have jurisdiction over individuals who are **under 18 years** at the time the offense is alleged to have been committed. - This is the standard age limit for juvenile justice system in India. *21 years* - This exceeds the age limit for juvenile court jurisdiction in India. - Age 21 has significance for other legal purposes but not for defining a juvenile under the JJ Act. - Once a person attains 18 years, they are tried under regular criminal law. *16 years* - This is below the actual age limit set by the JJ Act, 2015. - The Act specifically defines the upper age limit as 18 years, not 16 years. - A 16 or 17-year-old would still be considered a juvenile under Indian law. *15 years* - This is well below the statutory age limit for juvenile jurisdiction. - Using 15 years as the cutoff would incorrectly exclude 16 and 17-year-olds from juvenile court jurisdiction. - The JJ Act, 2015 clearly establishes 18 years as the threshold. [Practice more Pediatrics PYQs on OnCourse]

Q: In males, first pubertal sign is:

Testicular enlargement. ***Testicular enlargement*** - The first noticeable sign of puberty in males is typically **testicular enlargement**, followed by other changes. - This enlargement is due to the increase in the size of the **seminiferous tubules** and the production of sperm. *Pubic hair development* - While pubic hair development is an important pubertal sign, it usually follows **testicular enlargement**, appearing as the second or third sign. - It is driven by the increase in **adrenal androgens** and **testosterone**. *Hoarseness of voice* - The voice change or **deepening (hoarseness)** usually occurs later in puberty, as the larynx grows and vocal cords lengthen. - This is a secondary sexual characteristic mediated by **testosterone**. *Penis enlargement* - **Penis enlargement** typically begins after testicular enlargement has been established, usually around a Tanner stage 3. - This growth is also directly stimulated by increasing levels of **testosterone**. [Practice more Pediatrics PYQs on OnCourse]

2 Previous Year Questions with Answers & Explanations

Questions

All Subjects Anatomy (1)Biochemistry (2)Forensic Medicine (7)Internal Medicine (1)Pediatrics (2)Pharmacology (1)Surgery (3)

Juvenile court deals with cases of children up to the age of:

In males, first pubertal sign is: