Renal — Flashcards

Flashcard 671: Is it possible for monozygotic twins to have two different biological sexes?_____

Answer: No

Flashcard 672: Na+-glucose and Na+-amino acid cotransport create a lumen-_____ potential difference across cells of the early PCT

Answer: negative

Flashcard 673: What equation may be used to calculate free-water clearance (CH2O)? _____

Answer: C_H2O = V - C_osm

Extra: Where: - V = Urine flow rate - C_osm = Osmolar clearance Since C_osm = (U_osm × V) / P_osm, the formula can also be written as: C_H2O = V × (1 - U_osm / P_osm)

Flashcard 674: Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) causes _____ intestinal H2O and electrolyte secretion

Answer: increased

Flashcard 675: What is the major Starling force driving reabsorption into the peritubular capillaries of the proximal tubule? _____

Answer: High capillary oncotic pressure (C)

Flashcard 676: How does ECF volume change with SIADH? _____

Answer: Increased

Flashcard 677: Where in the nephron does most uric acid reabsorption take place?_____

Answer: Early PCT

Flashcard 678: _____ is a peptide hormone that directly inhibits osteoclasts, causing decreased bone resorption

Answer: Calcitonin

Flashcard 679: When a person has high K+ levels, K+ can be secreted in the terminal nephron segments by the _____ cells

Answer: principal

Flashcard 680: What two hormones are secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland?_____

Answer: ADH and oxytocin