Concentration and dilution of urine — Flashcards

Flashcard 1: Both central and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus are characterized by _____ urine osmolality

Answer: low

Flashcard 2: Which receptor does antidiuretic hormone (vasopressin) bind to regulate serum osmolarity?_____

Answer: V2 receptors

Flashcard 3: ADH-activated V2 receptors cause translocation of _____ channels to the renal apical membrane, causing increased reabsorption of free water

Answer: aquaporin 2

Flashcard 4: The corticopapillary osmotic gradient is established, in part, by _____ multiplication

Answer: countercurrent

Flashcard 5: Travel through the thick ascending limb (of Henle) results in _____ of the tubular fluid (concentration or dilution)

Answer: dilution

Flashcard 6: Without ADH, the late distal tubule and collecting ducts are _____ to H2O

Answer: impermeable

Flashcard 7: The most important physiologic stimulus for increasing antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion is _____

Answer: increased plasma osmolarity

Flashcard 8: The major regulatory mechanism of the proximal tubule is _____

Answer: glomerulotubular balance

Flashcard 9: Hyper-osmotic urine is produced when the circulating levels of ADH are _____

Answer: high

Flashcard 10: The [TF/P]glucose and [TF/P]AA ratios _____ over the course of the PCT

Answer: decrease

Extra:   https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki