Renal — Flashcards

Flashcard 241: What are the two main cell types of the late distal tubule and collecting duct? _____

Answer: Principal cells, α-intercalated cells

Flashcard 242: ECF volume expansion results in _____ HCO3- reabsorption

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 243: The action of PTH on osteoclasts is indirect and mediated by cytokines released from _____

Answer: osteoblasts

Flashcard 244: Oxytocin and ADH deficiency are more common with _____ injury

Answer: hypothalamic

Extra: * because these hormones are made in the hypothalamus

Flashcard 245: Increased luminal anions (e.g. HCO3-) may cause a(n) _____ in K+ secretion and thus _____-kalemia

Answer: increase

Flashcard 246: Fenoldopam stimulation of dopamine receptors in the kidneys causes increased excretion of _____ and _____

Answer: Na+

Extra: Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular (Antihypertensives)

Flashcard 247: Calcitriol _____ Ca2+ and phosphate release into the bloodstream by stimulating osteoblasts to activate osteoclasts

Answer: increases

Flashcard 248: Which type of diabetes insipidus is characterized by elevated levels of ADH? _____

Answer: Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus

Flashcard 249: What is the effect on ADH secretion if a patient has low volume AND low osmolarity? _____

Answer: Volume trumps osmolarity and ADH is secreted

Flashcard 250: What is the effect of primary adrenal insufficiency on the release of ADH from the posterior pituitary? _____ *bonus: why?

Answer: Increased

Extra: in response to volume depletion and increased corticotropin-releasing hormone; leads to dilutional hyponatremia (loss of aldosterone also contributes to hyponatremia, lack of Na in and H/K out)