Renal — Flashcards

The _____ is the gradient of osmolarity from the cortex (300 mOsm/L) to the papilla (1200 mOsm/L)

Following the thin descending limb, glomerular filtrate enters the _____

Excessive NaCl intake is a cause of _____-osmotic volume expansion

Which part of the neuron sends output (electrical impulses) to other neurons? _____

Which form (NH4+ or NH3) is secreted into the lumen of the cells of the proximal tubule? _____

Travel through the early DCT results in _____ of the tubular fluid

Hint: concentration or dilution

What is the effect of increased serum PO43- on PTH secretion? _____

Which renal tubular defect is associated with increased excretion of nearly all amino acids, glucose, HCO3-, and PO43- and all substances reabsorbed by the PCT _____

In both the afferent and efferent arterioles of the kidney, angiotensin II activity causes vaso-_____

Which photoreceptor is used for night vision? _____