Cardiovascular — Flashcards

Flashcard 711: Glucose and galactose are extruded from the intestinal cell into the blood by _____

Answer: GLUT-2 (facilitated diffusion)

Flashcard 712: Which second messenger is released upon binding of gastrin to CCKB receptors?_____

Answer: IP3/Ca2+

Flashcard 713: Post-ganglionic sympathetic neurons primarily utilize _____ as a neurotransmitter, which binds to α1, α2, and β1 receptors.

Answer: norepinephrine

Flashcard 714: On average, REM sleep occurs every _____ minutes, with increasing duration through the night

Answer: 90

Flashcard 715: What antibodies in plasma do patients with the O blood type have? (Identify name and isotype)

Answer: Anti-A and Anti-B (mostly IgG)

Extra: Patients with blood type O have both anti-A and anti-B antibodies in their plasma. Unlike individuals with type A or B blood (who primarily have IgM antibodies), type O individuals have predominantly **IgG** antibodies. This is clinically significant because IgG can cross the placenta, potentially causing ABO hemolytic disease of the newborn.

Flashcard 716: The _____ phase of gastric HCl secretion accounts for 30% of total HCl secreted

Answer: cephalic

Flashcard 717: Which female sex steroid is responsible for spiral artery development?_____

Answer: Progesterone

Flashcard 718: Why does lactation not occur during pregnancy, even though prolactin levels are increasing? _____

Answer: Progesterone and estrogen downregulate prolactin receptors on the breast

Flashcard 719: Through what hormone does growth hormone exert its growth promoting effects?_____

Answer: Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1)

Flashcard 720: Thyroid hormones (T3/T4) play a role in development of the _____

Answer: CNS