Cardiovascular — Flashcards

Flashcard 1121: As long as lactation continues, _____ is suppressed, due to inhibitory effects of prolactin on GnRH, FSH, and LH

Answer: ovulation

Flashcard 1122: Which catecholamine binds to $\alpha_1, \alpha_2, \beta_1$, and $\beta_2$ receptors?

Answer: Epinephrine

Extra: Epinephrine is released by the adrenal medulla, which consists of modified post-ganglionic sympathetic neurons. Unlike norepinephrine, epinephrine has significant activity at $\beta_2$ receptors in addition to $\alpha_1, \alpha_2,$ and $\beta_1$ receptors.

Flashcard 1123: Which nutrient (glucose, fat, protein) stimulates glucose-insulinotropic peptide secretion? _____

Answer: All three

Flashcard 1124: Loss of which hormones/neurotransmitters (2) are implicated in the pathogenesis of achalasia? _____

Answer: NO and VIP

Flashcard 1125: What type of signaling mechanism (endocrine or paracrine) does gastrin use to reach parietal cells?_____

Answer: Endocrine (enters systemic circulation)

Flashcard 1126: Increased body temperature causes _____ sympathetic nervous system activity to the skin

Answer: decreased

Flashcard 1127: What is the major factor determining autoregulation of blood flow to the brain?

Answer: Local metabolites (primarily CO2)

Flashcard 1128: Chronically elevated levels of ACTH cause _____ of the adrenal cortex

Answer: hypertrophy/hyperplasia

Flashcard 1129: In the third stage (rapid) of ovarian follicle development, a single graafian follicle achieves dominance and ruptures, releasing its oocyte into the peritoneal cavity via the process of _____

Answer: ovulation

Flashcard 1130: The seminal vesicles secretes a fluid rich in _____, citrate, prostaglandins, and fibrinogen, which are nutritive for the ejaculated sperm

Answer: fructose