Antihypertensives US Medical PG Flashcards - Medical Study Cards
Master Antihypertensives with OnCourse flashcards. These spaced repetition flashcards are designed for medical students preparing for NEET PG, USMLE Step 1, USMLE Step 2, MBBS exams, and other medical licensing examinations.
Antihypertensives Flashcard Deck - 10 Cards
Flashcard 21: ACE inhibitors are contraindicated during _____ due to possible _____ effects
Answer: pregnancy
Extra:
FA2020 UPDATE: ACE inhibitors dilate the efferent arteriole, not constrict as the image below states:
Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular/Renal
Watch ACE inhibitors, ARBs, Aliskiren [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-cardiovascular-renal/videos/medical-pharmacology-cardiovascular-and-renal-heart-failure-drugs-ace-inhibitors-arbs-aliskiren?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 22: _____, a(n) biguanide, is the first line oral agent for the management of type 2 diabetes
Answer: Metformin
Extra:
Sketchy Pharmacology: Endocrine (diabetes)
Watch Metformin, thiazolidinediones, pramlintide, SGLT2 inhibitors [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-gi-endocrine/videos/medical-pharmacology-gi-and-endocrine-diabetes-metformin-thiazolidinediones-pramlintide-sglt2-inhibitors?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-general/pancreas/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 23: What effect may ACE inhibitors have on potassium levels?
_____
Answer: Increased (hyperkalemia)
Extra:
FA2020 UPDATE: ACE inhibitors dilate the efferent arteriole, not constrict as the image below states:
Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular/Renal
Watch ACE inhibitors, ARBs, Aliskiren [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-cardiovascular-renal/videos/medical-pharmacology-cardiovascular-and-renal-heart-failure-drugs-ace-inhibitors-arbs-aliskiren?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Due to decreased aldosterone (less Na in, less K out)
Flashcard 24: Hydralazine can cause hypotension, which may induce a reflex _____ that can worsen angina
Answer: tachycardia
Extra:
Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular (Antihypertensives)
Watch Primary hypertension & hypertensive emergency [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-cardiovascular-renal/videos/medical-pharmacology-cardiovascular-and-renal-antihypertensives-primary-hypertension-and-hypertensive-emergency?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/hypertension?index=12]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 25: IV Ca2+ channel blockers, such as nicardipine and clevidipine, cause _____ dilation, which is useful for the treatment of hypertensive emergency
Answer: arteriolar
Extra:
Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular (Antihypertensives)
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 26: ACE inhibitors are contraindicated in bilateral _____
Answer: renal artery stenosis
Extra:
FA2020 UPDATE: ACE inhibitors dilate the efferent arteriole, not constrict as the image below states:
Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular/Renal
Watch ACE inhibitors, ARBs, Aliskiren [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-cardiovascular-renal/videos/medical-pharmacology-cardiovascular-and-renal-heart-failure-drugs-ace-inhibitors-arbs-aliskiren?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 27: What drug may be useful in the treatment of hypertension-induced by hypercortisolism?
_____ *bonus: via what mechanism?
Answer: Spironolactone
Extra:
Watch Cushings Syndrome [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pathophysiology/units/medical-pathophysiology-endocrine/videos/medical-internal-medicine-endocrinology-adrenal-disease-cushing-syndrome-soap?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/endocrine?ref=anki
Flashcard 28: β-blockers _____ production of renin
Answer: inhibit
Extra:
Sketchy Pharmacology: Autonomics (β-blockers)
Watch Beta blockers [https://dashboard.sketchy.com/study/medical/courses/medical-pharmacology/units/medical-pharmacology-autonomic-drugs/videos/medical-pharmacology-autonomic-drugs-sympathetic-beta-blockers?utm_source=anki&utm_medium=partnership&utm_campaign=february_update&utm_content=medical] Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system?index=4]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology/hypertension/acquire?ref=anki
Flashcard 29: The following drugs are recommended for the treatment of _____:
- Thiazide diuretics
- ACE inhibitors
- ARBs
- Dihydropyridine CCBs
Answer: primary (essential) hypertension
Extra: First-line antihypertensive agents for uncomplicated primary hypertension. Beta-blockers are no longer considered first-line for uncomplicated hypertension in most current guidelines (e.g., JNC 8, ACC/AHA).
Flashcard 30: The early DCT is the site of action of _____ diuretics
Answer: thiazide
Extra:
Watch associated Bootcamp video [https://app.bootcamp.com/med-school/cardiology/videos/hypertension?index=12]
https://onlinemeded.org/spa/renal?ref=anki
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