Antihypertensives — Flashcards

Flashcard 91: Nitroprusside is associated with _____ poisoning, which may present as lactic acidosis, altered mental status, and seizures

Answer: cyanide

Extra:  Sketchy Pharmacology: Cardiovascular (Antihypertensives)  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/surgery-trauma/toxic-ingestion/acquire?ref=anki 

Flashcard 92: What antihypertensive can be used to prevent calcium channel blocker-induced peripheral edema? _____

Answer: ACE inhibitors or ARBs

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 93: _____ may cause: ↑ Glucose (hyperglycemia) ↑ Lipids (hyperlipidemia) ↑ Uric acid (hyperuricemia) ↑ Ca2+ (hypercalcemia)

Answer: Thiazide diuretics

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org/spa/cardiology?ref=anki 

Flashcard 94: On standard urine drug screen, atenolol and propranolol are antihypertensives that may be false positives for _____

Answer: amphetamines

Extra:  https://onlinemeded.org?ref=anki 

Flashcard 95: Certain drugs (e.g. _____) induce production of autoantibodies against RBCs (IgG-mediated hemolytic anemia)

Answer: -methyldopa

Flashcard 96: Many agents used in hypertensive emergencies are potent vaso-_____

Answer: dilators

Flashcard 97: Phenytoin is an _____ of CYP-450

Answer: inducer

Flashcard 98: What effect do ARBs have on bradykinin activity? _____

Answer: No effect

Flashcard 99: IV Ca2+ channel blockers, such as nicardipine and clevidipine, cause _____ dilation, which is useful for the treatment of hypertensive emergency

Answer: arteriolar

Flashcard 100: Hydralazine exerts its effects by increasing levels of _____, causing smooth muscle relaxation

Answer: cGMP